Vertices represent countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with an edge between two vertices if those countries have a common border. A traveler wants to visit each country exactly once, returning to the first country visited for her flight home to the United States. Determine whether an Euler circuit, a Hamilton circuit, or neither would solve the problem.

Technology Activity: Using a Database Search a library or the Internet to find information about the early civilizations in the Americas and in Africa that were discussed in this chapter. Build a database collecting information about the cultures of these early civilizations. Include information about religious customs and traditions, ways of making a living, government, and housing. Include a map showing the locations of these civilizations.

Let x = day of observation and y = number of locusts per square meter during a locust infestation in a region of North Africa.

$$\begin{array}{|c|ccccc} \hline x & 2 & 3 & 5 & 8 & 10 \\ \hline y & 2 & 3 & 12 & 125 & 630 \\ \hline \end{array}$$

The exponential growth model is $y=\alpha \beta^{x}$. Estimate $\alpha$ and $\beta$ and write the exponential growth equation.

The table gives some elevations relative to sea level.

$$\begin{array} { | c | c | c | } \hline & \text{Highest} & \text{Lowest}\\ \text{Continent} & \text{Point (ft)} & \text{Point (ft)}\\ \hline \text{North America} & \text{20320} & \text{$- 282$}\\ \hline \text{South America} & \text{22.834} & \text{$- 131$}\\ \hline \text{Africa} & \text{19340} & \text{$- 512$}\\ \hline \text{Asia} & \text{29028} & \text{$- 1,339$}\\ \hline \text{Australia} & \text{7310} & \text{$- 52$}\\ \hline \text{Europe} & \text{18510} & \text{$- 92$}\\ \hline \end{array}$$

Which continent has the second to lowest point? F. Africa G. Australia H. Europe J. North America

Conduct research to learn more about conflict diamonds, also known as blood diamonds, mined from Africa. Develop a presentation to answer the following questions: What are conflict diamonds? Why are they known as conflict diamonds? What are some issues related to conflict diamonds? What steps are being taken to address these issues?

In 2009, sickness was one of the main issues affecting developing nations worldwide. The majority of these deaths—more than 1 million from malaria and almost 2 million from HIV/AIDS—occurred in Africa. Describe the impact these diseases have had on these nations' economies. Make sure to include the causes of economic growth as well as how to use limited resources.

For each of the following Items, cross out any word that has an error in capitalization and correctly write the word above it. If the word group is already correct, write C.

Examples

1. $\cancel{\text{los}}$ (Los) Alamos, $\cancel{\text{new}}$ (New) Mexico

2. The state of Idaho C

3. a nation in Africa

You will be asked to make some comparisons between francophone cultures and American culture. You may need to complete some additional research about American culture.

• Les langues dominantes: Compare the language of law, government, and education in sub-Saharan Africa to the language of internationa l business. What advantages are there to having a dominant language in these areas?

A 4-year-old child is caught up in tribal warfare in Africa. In a refugee camp, the only drinking water is from a sewage contaminated pond. The child soon develops severe diarrhea from cholera and dies 10 days later of cardiac arrest. Explain the possible physiological cause(s) of his death.

A geography test was given to a simple random sample of 250 high-school students in a certain large school district. One question involved an outline map of Europe, with the countries identified only by number. The students were asked to pick out Great Britain and France. As it turned out, 65.6% could find France, compared to 70.4% for Great Britain. Is the difference statistically significant? Or can this be determined from the information given?

The drug programs that treat AIDS in rich countries are very expensive, so some African nations cannot afford to give them to large numbers of people. Yet AIDS is more common in parts of Africa than anywhere else. "Short-course" drug programs that are much less expensive might help, for example, in preventing infected pregnant women from passing the infection to their unborn children. Is it ethical to compare a short-course program with a placebo in a clinical trial? Some say "no": This is a double standard, because in rich countries the full drug program would be the control treatment. Others say "yes": The intent is to find treatments that are practical in Africa, and the trial does not withhold any treatment that subjects would otherwise receive. What do you think?

GENERAL: Population In 2000 the birthrate in Africa increased from $17 e^{0.02 t}$ million births per year to $22 e^{0.02 t}$ million births per year, where t is the number of years since 2000 . Find the total increase in population that will result from this higher birth rate between 2000(t=0) and 2020(t=20).

Victoria Falls The great, gray-green, greasy Zambezi River flows over Victoria Falls in south central Africa. The falls are approximately $108 \mathrm{~m}$ high. If the river is flowing horizontally at $3.60 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$ just before going over the falls, what is the speed of the water when it hits the bottom? Assume the water is in free fall as it drops.

Analyze the document and answer the short-answer questions that follow the document. David Livingstone was a Scottish missionary and explorer in Africa. Here is his description of the Kalahari Desert. The quantity of grass which grows on this remarkable region is astonishing. . . It usually rises in tufts with bare spaces between, or the intervals are occupied by creeping plants, which, having their roots buried far beneath the soil, feel little the effects of the scorching sun. The number of these which have tuberous roots is very great; and their structure is intended to supply nutriment and moisture, when, during the long droughts, they can be obtained nowhere else. . . The natives strike the ground on the circumference of the circle with stones, till, by hearing a difference of sound, they know the water-bearing tuber to be beneath. They then dig down a foot or so, and find it. David Livingstone, Missionary Travels and Researches in South Africa. Describe how the native people of the region find water.