Walking to her car after her 65th birthday party, Mrs. Schultz tripped on ice and fell forward on her outstretched palms. When she arrived at the emergency room, her right wrist and hand were bent like a fork. Dr. Jefferson felt that the styloid process of her radius was outside of the anatomical snuff box and slightly proximal to the styloid process of the ulna. When he checked her elbow, he found that the olecranon lay 2 cm proximal to the two epicondyles of the right humerus. Explain all these observations, and describe what had happened to Mrs.Schultz’s limb.

An 8-year-old child is being admitted to the hospital from the emergency department with an injury from falling off her bicycle. Which of the following will most help her adjust to the hospital?

1. Explain hospital routines such as mealtimes to her.
2. Use terms such as “honey” and “dear” to show a caring attitude.
3. Explain when her parents can visit and why siblings cannot come to see her.
4. Since she is young, orient her parents to her room and hospital facility.

Ambulance response time. Geographical Analysis (Jan. 2010) presented a study of emergency medical service (EMS) ability to meet the demand for an ambulance. In one example, the researchers presented the following scenario. An ambulance station has one vehicle and two demand locations, $\mathrm{A}$ and $\mathrm{B}$. The probability that the ambulance can travel to a location in under 8 minutes is $.58$ for location $\mathrm{A}$ and $.42$ for location $\mathrm{B}$. The probability that the ambulance is busy at any point in time is $.3$. Find the probability that EMS can meet the demand for an ambulance at location B.

Forty patients were asked how many minutes they had to wait in an emergency department before they were seen by a doctor. The results are below. Construct a frequency distribution table using five classes.
32 40 66 51 28 35 30 45 49 33
37 41 56 43 59 60 32 48 56 55
50 29 44 54 64 65 49 34 39 30
36 34 47 52 43 47 58 31 61 29

B.L., 17, had a compression fracture at the C5-C6 after jumping into a river from a bridge and slamming into a submerged rock. Fortunately, she was saved by a companion who had first-aid expertise and worked to limit any collateral damage. B.L. was unable to move her limbs, feel touch, or have reflexes in her limbs when she arrived at the emergency room. Describe the necessity for caution while handling a person who may have had a spinal cord injury.

You are working in the emergency department (ED) of a community hospital when the ambulance arrives with A.N., an $18$-year-old woman who was caught in a house fire. She was sleeping when the fire started and managed to make her way out of the house through thick smoke. The emergency medical system crew initiated humidified oxygen at $15 \mathrm{~L} / \mathrm{min}$ per nonrebreather mask and started a $16$-gauge IV with lactated Ringer's solution. On arrival to the ED, her vital signs are $100/66, 125, 34$, $\mathrm{SaO}_2 93 \%$. An additional $16$-gauge IV is inserted. She appears anxious and in pain.

Eighteen hours after the injury, the NAP reports these vital signs for A.N. and states that the urine output for the past hour was $20$ mL.

$$\begin{aligned} &\text { Vital Signs }\\ &\begin{array}{ll} \text { Blood pressure } & 90 / 50 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg} \\ \text { Heart rate } & 110 \text { beats } / \mathrm{min} \\ \text { Respiratory rate } & 24 \text { breaths } / \mathrm{min} \end{array} \end{aligned}$$

What do you suspect is occurring, and why does this concern you?

The temperature T (in degrees Fahrenheit) of a patient t hours after arriving at the emergency room of a hospital at 10:00 P.M. is given by $T(t)=98.6+4 \cos \frac{\pi t}{36}, \quad 0 \leq t \leq 18$. Find the patient’s temperature at (a) 10:00 P.M., (b) 4:00 A.M., and (c) 10:00 A.M. (d) At what time do you expect the patient’s temperature to return to normal? Explain your reasoning.

Potassium superoxide, $KO_2$, is employed in a self-contained breathing apparatus used by emergency personnel as a source of oxygen. The reaction is\

$4KO_2(s) + 2H_2O(l) \longrightarrow 4KOH(s) + 3O_2(g)$\

Say a self-contained breathing apparatus is charged with 750 g $KO_2$ and then is used to produce 195 g of oxygen. Was all of the $KO_2$ consumed in this reaction? If the $KO_2$ wasn’t all consumed, how much is left over and what mass of additional $O_2$ could be produced?

Two small liquid-propellant rocket motors are mounted at the tips of a helicopter rotor to augment power under emergency conditions. The diameter of the helicopter rotor is $7 \mathrm{~m}$, and it rotates at $1 \mathrm{rev} / \mathrm{s}$. The air enters at the tip speed of the rotor, and exhaust gases exit at $500 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}$ with respect to the rocket motor. The intake area of each motor is $20 \mathrm{~cm}^2$, and the air density is $1.2 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^3$. Estimate the power provided by the rocket motors. Ignore the mass rate of flow of fuel in this calculation.

B.L., 17, had a compression fracture at the C5-C6 after jumping into a river from a bridge and slamming into a submerged rock. Fortunately, she was saved by a companion who had first-aid expertise and worked to limit any collateral damage. B.L. was unable to move her limbs, feel touch, or have reflexes in her limbs when she arrived at the emergency room. Describe the causes and ways in which B.L.'s ability to breathe may be hampered at any time.

The waiting time until service at a hospital emergency department is modeled with the pdf $f (x) = \frac{1}{9} x \quad 0<x<3$ hours and $f (x) = \frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{9} x \quad 3<x<6.$ Determine the following: (a) Probability the wait is less than 4 hours (b) Probability the wait is more than 5 hours (c) Probability the wait is less than or equal to 30 minutes (d) Waiting time that is exceeded by only 10% of patients (e) Mean waiting time

A plane traveling horizontally at 80 m/s} over flat ground at an elevation of 3000 m releases an emergency packet. The trajectory of the packet is given by

$$x=80 t, \quad y=-4.9 t^2+3000, \quad \text { for } t \geq 0,$$

where the origin is the point on the ground directly beneath the plane at the moment of the release. Graph the trajectory of the packet and find the coordinates of the point where the packet lands.

The Fugitive Slave Act made it a federal crime to A. assist runaway slaves. B. give jobs to freedmen . C. sell slaves in the North. D. allow African Americans to vote.

Walking to her car after her 65th birthday party, Mrs. Schultz tripped on ice and fell forward on her outstretched palms. When she arrived at the emergency room, her right wrist and hand were bent like a fork. Dr. Jefferson felt that the styloid process of her radius was outside of the anatomical snuff box and slightly proximal to the styloid process of the ulna. When he checked her elbow, he found that the olecranon lay $2 \mathrm{~cm}$ proximal to the two epicondyles of the right humerus. Explain all these observations, and describe what had happened to Mrs. Schultz's limb.