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What does it mean to say that the heritability of height is 90 percent? What does that tell us about the contribution of genetics to any one person's height?
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VerifiedThe most important factor that contributes to the height of a person is defined by the genetic makeup that they have inherited, while the remaining factors will most likely be affected by nutrition, development, and lifestyle.
Heritability does not mean you acquire the genes 100 percent from your family members.
A heritability score of 90% for height means that 90% of variation in height between members of the same population can be attributed to genetics. Environmental differences, then, like nutrition, exposure to pollutants, stress, etc. (many factors that can, in turn, be linked to income), explain 10% of height variation. If differences in these factors were reduced (e.g. income inequality reduced), the heritability score would rise.
A heritability score tells you nothing about the relative effects of genes and environment on a single individual's traits. At the individual level, every trait is the irreducible result of complex gene-environment interactions.
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