What shape do you expect for a molecule with a central atom and the following pairings? Two bonding pairs of electrons and two non-bonding pairs of electrons

Although the relative positions of the atoms are correct in each of these molecules, there are one or more incorrect bonds in each of the electron dot structures. Identify the incorrect bonds. Draw the correct electron dot structure for each molecule.

H-N:::N-H

Draw electron dot structures for each molecule.

Bromine

Although the relative positions of the atoms are correct in each of these molecules, there are one or more incorrect bonds in each of the electron dot structures. Identify the incorrect bonds. Draw the correct electron dot structure for each molecule.

:I:::Cl:

Draw electron dot structures for each molecule.

Chlorine

Ethyl alcohol (CH$_3$CH$_2$OH) and dimethyl ether (CH$_3$OCH$_3$) each have the same molecular formula, C$_2$H$_6$O. Ethyl alcohol has a much higher boiling point (78$\degree$C) than dimethyl ether (-25$\degree$C). Propose an explanation for this difference.

Although the relative positions of the atoms are correct in each of these molecules, there are one or more incorrect bonds in each of the electron dot structures. Identify the incorrect bonds. Draw the correct electron dot structure for each molecule.

:F-O-H

Although the relative positions of the atoms are correct in each of these molecules, there are one or more incorrect bonds in each of the electron dot structures. Identify the incorrect bonds. Draw the correct electron dot structure for each molecule.

H=C=C=H

Is there a clear difference between a very polar covalent bond and an ionic bond? Explain.

Make a list of the elements in the compounds found in the Table. What do the elements that form covalent bonds have in common.

Vinegar contains the compound ethanoic acid, whose molecular formula is CH$_3$COOH.

a. Draw the electron dot structure of ethanoic acid. (Hint: The two carbon atoms are bonded to each other, and the two oxygens are bonded to the same carbon.)

b. Is the bonding between each of the oxygen atoms and the carbon the same?

c. Is the bonding between the carbon atom and each oxygen atom a polar or nonpolar bond?

d. Is ethanoic acid a polar molecule?

Which of the following molecules contains a central atom that does not obey the octet rule?

a. PBr$_5$

b. AlI$_3$

c. PF$_3$

d. SiCl$_4$

Give the angles between the orbitals of each hybrid.

$sp$ hybrids

Give the angles between the orbitals of each hybrid.

$sp^2$ hybrids