Related questions with answers

One can define the collision time τ\tau in the following way: The probability PP that an electron suffers a collision during an infinitesimal time interval dtd t is

P( collision in time dt)=dt/τP(\text { collision in time } d t)=d t / \tau

Note that the probability that the electron suffers no collision during a time interval dtd t is then given by

P( no collision in dt)=1dt/τP(\text { no collision in } d t)=1-d t / \tau

Consider now the probability P(t)P^{\prime}(t) that a given electron undergoes no collision during a finite time interval tt. (a) Show that PP^{\prime} obeys the equation

dPP=dtτ\frac{d P^{\prime}}{P^{\prime}}=-\frac{d t}{\tau}

[Hint: First, argue that P(t+dt)=P(t)(1dt/τ)P^{\prime}(t+d t)=P^{\prime}(t)(1-d t / \tau).] (b) Using the above equation, solve for P(t)P^{\prime}(t) and sketch this function. (c) Suppose that a collision occurs at time t=0t=0. Argue that the probability pn(t)dtp^n(t) d t that the next collision occurs between time tt and t+dtt+d t is given by

p(t)dt=et/τdtτp^{\prime \prime}(t) d t=e^{-t / \tau} \frac{d t}{\tau}

(d) Use the above equation, to compute the average time, t\langle t\rangle, between collisions. (e) Compute the rms average time t2\sqrt{\left\langle t^2\right\rangle} between collisions.

Question

When two cars enter an intersection at the same time on opposing paths, one of the cars must adjust its speed or direction to avoid a collision. Two airplanes, however, can cross paths while traveling in different directions without colliding. Explain how this is possible.

Solution

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The two airplanes may lie on different planes in the sky so their lines of travel may not intersect.

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