Which ability is likely to predict good adjustment, better grades, and social success? a. Self-control. b. An external locus of control. c. Problem-focused coping. d. Learned helplessness. e. Emotion-focused coping.

A woman had been pondering a problem for days and was about to give up when, suddenly, the solution came to her. Her experience can be best described as what? a. Cognitive mapping b. Insight c. Operant conditioning d. Classical conditioning e. Unconscious associative learning

When parents offer good-grade rewards to children who already enjoy studying, they may find that the children no longer enjoy studying and only enjoy the rewards. Which of the following have the parents accidentally removed from their children? a. Latent learning. b. Extrinsic motivation. c. Intrinsic motivation. d. Insight learning. e. Emotion-focused coping.

Superstitious behavior can be produced by a. placing a conditioned response (CR) before a conditioned stimulus (CS). b. the accidental timing of rewards. c. possession of a large number of traditionally lucky items. d. cognitive awareness of superstitious behavior in others. e. the change in a reinforcement schedule from ratio to interval.

The reappearance, after a rest period, of an extinguished response is called a. acquisition. b. spontaneous recovery. c. discrimination. d. operant conditioning. e. classical conditioning.

What do we call the reappearance, after a rest period, of an extinguished response? a. Acquisition. b. Spontaneous recovery. c. Discrimination. d. Operant conditioning. e. Classical conditioning.

Connect to Lile Bradbury's science fiction stories have been termed "warning fictions." Which of the three stories in this Author Study do you feel holds the most powerful warning for readers of your generation? Explain the reasons for your choice,

A news article by Reuters on October 6, 1998, reported: In a new study, Dr. Matti Uhari and colleagues at the University of Oulu in Finland randomly gave 857 healthy children in daycare centers xylitol in syrup, gum, or a lozenge form, or a placebo gum or syrup in five doses per day for 3 months. According to a report in the October issue of the journal Pediatrics, the incidence of ear infections was reduced by 40% in children given xylitol chewing gum, 30% in those given syrup and 20% in those given lozenges when compared to children given a placebo. Is this an observational study or a randomized experiment? Explain. What are the explanatory and response variables? Are confounding variables likely to be a problem in this study? Explain.

Male and female political opinions are the most divergent on $\underline{\phantom{\text{justtext}}}$

a. a balanced budget

b. abortion rights

c. government regulation of corporations

d. religion

e. social services

Identify a time when you or someone you know or observed was directly told or pressured to act in a certain way because of the social expectations for gender Describe the situation, how the pressure was applied, and if the person's action changed.

he data below gives the heights, in inches, of plants grown for a science project. 25 25 20 25 16 20 25 30 25 31 26 28 30 Find the mean, median, and mode of the data. Round to the nearest tenth.

A poll says that 62% of voters support an increase in social services spending, plus or minus 4 percentage points. The pollster is 90% confident of his results. State the margin of error, the confidence level, and the confidence interval.

A science teacher has 15 ounces of vinegar to divide equally among 8 students for an experiment. Matt said that each student should get $\frac{8}{15}$ ounce. How did he get that answer? Do you agree? Explain.

The authors of the paper “Short-Term Health and Economic Benefits of Smoking Cessation: Low Birth Weight” (Pediatrics [1999]: 1312– 1320) investigated the medical cost associated with babies born to mothers who smoke. The paper included estimates of mean medical cost for low-birth-weight babies for different ethnic groups. For a sample of 654 Hispanic lowbirth- weight babies, the mean medical cost was $55,007 and the standard error$(5 / $\sqrt{n}$)$was$$3011$. For a sample of 13 Native American low-birth-weight babies, the mean and standard error were $\$73,418$ and $\$29,577$, respectively. Explain why the two standard errors are so different.