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Question

Which element is oxidized, and which is reduced in the following reactions?

3Fe(NO3)2(aq)+2Al(s)3Fe(s)+2Al(NO3)3(aq)3 \mathrm { Fe } \left( \mathrm { NO } _ { 3 } \right) _ { 2 } ( a q ) + 2 \mathrm { Al } ( s ) \longrightarrow 3 \mathrm { Fe } ( s ) + 2 \mathrm { Al } \left( \mathrm { NO } _ { 3 } \right) _ { 3 } ( a q )

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3Fe(NOX3)X2(aq)+2Al(s)3Fe(s)+2AlX2(NOX3)X3 (aq)\ce{3Fe(NO3)2(\textit{aq}) + 2Al(\textit{s}) -> 3Fe(\textit{s}) + 2Al2(NO3)3 (\textit{aq})}

For an atom in its elemental form, the oxidation number is always zero.

Oxidation number of Fe in Fe(NOX3)X2\ce{Fe(NO3)2} is +2.

Oxidation number of Al in Al\ce{Al} is 0.

Oxidation number of Fe in Fe\ce{Fe} is 0.

Oxidation number of Al in Al(NOX3)X3\ce{Al(NO3)3} is +3.

So Fe is reduced from +2 to 0 and Al is oxidized from 0 to +3.

Oxidation is loss of electrons and reduction is gain of electrons.

FeX2++2eXFe,    AlAlX3++3eX\ce{Fe^2+ + 2e- -> Fe,\;\;Al -> Al^3+ + 3e-}

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