Which feature on this diagram is an arete?

A. 1, the circular depression at the head of the valley

B. 2, a lake in the upper valley

C. 3 , a steep ridge

D. 4, a valley that is above the level of the main valley

What typically happens when tributaries join the main river?

A. channel size increases

B. water velocity increases

C. the amount of discharge increases

D. total sediment load increases

E. all of these

If waves approach the shore at an angle they:

A. die out before they reach the shore

B. begin to break in water depths deeper than the wave base

C. bend so they approach the shore more directly

D. do none of these because waves do not approach the shore at an angle

What is the feature numbered 1 in the upper part of this figure?

A. cirque

B. U-shaped valley

C. lateral moraine

D. terminal moraine

Which of the features labeled on this figure is an esker?

A. A.

B. B

C. C

D. D

E. E

Which of the following is NOT an approach communities have tried to address shoreline problems?

A. construction of a seawall

B. construction of a jetty

C. lowering the local sea level

D. building a breakwater

E. replenishing sand

Which feature on this diagram is a hanging valley?

A. 1, the circular depression at the head of the valley

B. 2, a lake in the upper valley

C. 3, a steep ridge

D. 4, a valley that is above the level of the main valley

What are some possible influences of ocean currents on glaciation?

A. Cold currents can cool the land allowing glaciers to form if there is sufficient precipitation.

B. Cold currents can inhibit the growth of glaciers because they put less moisture into the atmosphere.

C. Warm currents can warm parts of continents, inhibiting glaciation.

D. Warm currents bring warm moist air that can increase precipitation and snowfall if the temperature is cold enough.

E. All of these.

What name best describes the area of the lake in this photograph?

A. terminal moraine

B. equilibrium line

C. hanging valley

D. lateral moraine

E. drumlin

If all the ice on West Antarctica was melted, how much would it cause global sea level to rise? If you do not remember the approximate size of this rise, the volume of ice is $3,000,000 \mathrm{~km} 3$ and the surface area of the world's ocean is $361,000,000 \mathrm{~km} 2$.

A. less than 1 centimeter

B. 1 to 10 centimeters

C. 10 centimeters to 1 meter

D. 1 meter to 10 meters

E. more than 100 meters

What type of stream is shown in this photograph?

A. meandering stream

B. braided stream

C. a stream whose main channel has high sinuosity

D. an esker

Which of the following features is NOT formed by stream deposition?

A. broad plains next to a braided stream

B. a floodplain

C. a delta

D. a waterfall

The amount of solar heating can increase from:

A. a decrease in sunspot activity and energy output from the Sun

B. a decrease in snow and ice cover on Earth's surface

C. a decrease in the amount of greenhouse gases

D. a huge volcanic eruption that adds ash and dust to the atmosphere

How do waves propagate across the water?

A. the wave moves forward but water moves in a circular motion

B. water near the surface moves less than water at depth

C. water within the wave travels as far as the wave does

D. all of these