Which of the following best illustrates a compulsion?

a. mentally counting backward from $1,000$

b. persistent fear of germs

c. thoughts of harming a neighbor

d. falsely believing that a spouse has been cheating

Which of the following would constitute a safety behavior?
a. encountering a phobic stimulus in the company of other people
b. avoiding a field where snakes are likely to be present
c. avoiding eye contact
d. worrying as a distraction from painful memories

In which of the following anxiety disorders is the person in a continuous state of excessive, pointless worry and apprehension? a. panic disorder b. generalized anxiety disorder c. agoraphobia d. social anxiety disorder

A study based on over 9,000 U. S. residents found that the most prevalent disorder was a. major depressive disorder b. social anxiety disorder c. obsessive-compulsive disorder d. specific phobia

Which of the following would constitute a safety behavior?

a. encountering a phobic stimulus in the company of other people

b. avoiding a field where snakes are likely to be present

c. avoiding eye contact

d. worrying as a distraction from painful memories

A study of adoptees whose biological mothers had schizophrenia found that the adoptees were most likely to develop schizophrenia ________.
a. if their childhood friends later developed schizophrenia
b. if they abused drugs during adolescence
c. if they were raised in a disturbed adoptive home environment
d. regardless of whether they were raised in a healthy or disturbed home environment

Patterns of inner experience and behavior are thought to reflect the presence of a psychological disorder if they a. are highly atypical b. lead to significant distress and impairment in one's life c. embarrass one's friends and/or family d. violate the norms of one's culture

Research indicates that the symptoms of OCD a. are similar to the symptoms of panic disorder b. are triggered by low levels of stress hormones c. are related to hyperactivity in the orbitofrontal cortex d. are reduced if people are asked to view photos of stimuli that trigger the symptoms

The diathesis-stress model presumes that psychopathology results from a. vulnerability and adverse experiences b. biochemical factors c. chemical imbalances and structural abnormalities in the brain d. adverse childhood experiences

The letters in the abbreviation DSM-$5$ stand for ________.
a. Diseases and Statistics Manual of Medicine
b. Diagnosable Standards Manual of Mental Disorders
c. Diseases and Symptoms Manual of Mental Disorders
d. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Dr. Anastasia believes that major depressive disorder is caused by an over-secretion of cortisol. His view on the cause of major depressive disorder reflects a ________ perspective.
a. psychological
b. supernatural
c. biological
d. diathesis-stress

________ is an individual’s belief in her capability to complete some task
a. physiological needs
b. self-esteem
c. self-actualization
d. self-efficacy

When it comes to buying clothes, teenagers often follow social norms; this is likely motivated by a. following parents' rules b. saving money c. fitting in d. looking good

Every morning when he leaves for work Anthony has recurring doubts about whether he locked his front door. He continues thinking about this throughout the day, to the distraction of his work. Anthony is experiencing:
a. obsession
b. derealization
c. panic
d. compulsion