Which of the following does NOT drive ocean currents? (a) Salinity, (b) Prevailing winds, (c) Gravity, (d) Temperature, (e) Precipitation.

Which of the following has the highest albedo? (a) Soil, (b) Snow, (c) Water, (d) Tropical rainforest, (e) Pavement.

Which list is in the correct order of atmospheric layers starting from Earth's surface? (a) Thermosphere, stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, exosphere, (b) Exosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, thermosphere, (c) Mesosphere, stratosphere, thermosphere, exosphere, troposphere, (d) Thermosphere, troposphere, stratosphere, exosphere, mesosphere, (e) Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere.

Which of the following contributes to the unequal warming of Earth? I. Variation in the angle of sunlight that reaches Earth, II. Variation in the amount of surface area over which the Sun's rays are distributed, III. Variation in the amount of sunlight reflected from clouds. (a) I only, (b) I and II only, (c) II and III only, (d) III only, (e) I, II, and III.

The Hubbard Brook experiment showed that (a) the intermediate disturbance hypothesis is plausible. (b) freshwater aquatic ecosystems are often very resilient. (c) river restoration can take many years to complete. (d) evapotranspiration increases with more vegetation cover. (e) deforestation increases nutrient runoff.

Temperature change in adiabatic heating occurs due to (a) water vapor condensing. (b) a pressure increase. (c) absorption of sunlight. (d) a pressure decrease. (e) a volume increase.

Latent heat release (a) increases air temperature. (b) decreases air temperature. (c) increases the amount of water vapor. (d) increases air pressure. (e) decreases air pressure.

Which of the following does NOT contribute to atmospheric convection currents? (a) Hadley cells, (b) Westerlies, (c) Gyres, (d) Polar cells, (e) The intertropical convergence zone.

Which is NOT true about disturbances? (a) They are caused by natural events such as hurricanes. (b) They occur only on short time scales. (c) They can cause complete destruction of an ecosystem. (d) Many result in no change in ecosystem productivity. (e) Some are due to anthropogenic causes.

Which atmospheric layer contains the protective ozone layer? (a) Exosphere, (b) Mesosphere, (c) Stratosphere, (d) Thermosphere, (e) Troposphere.

Evolved resistance to a pesticide is an example of (a) a nonadaptive process. (b) the bottleneck effect. (c) natural selection. (d) artificial selection. (e) range of tolerance.

Which of the following could be a cause of decreased evapotranspiration? (a) Increased precipitation, (b) Decreased runoff, (c) Increased percolation, (d) Increased vegetation, (e) Increased sunlight.

The waste product in photosynthesis is (a) carbon dioxide. (b) oxygen. (c) glucose. (d) water. (e) energy.

Which of the following is NOT an important ecosystem service provided by wetlands? (a) Flood control, (b) Breeding habitat for birds, (c) Migratory habitat for birds, (d) Water filtration, (e) Seed dispersal.