Which of the following represents perceptual constancy? a. We recognize the taste of McDonald's food each time we eat it. b. In photos of people, the people almost always are perceived as figure and everything else as ground. c. We know that the color of a printed page has not changed as it moves from sunlight into shadow. d. From the time they are very young, most people can recognize the smell of a dentist's office. e. The cold water in a lake doesn't seem so cold after you have been swimming in it for a few minutes.

Our tendency to see faces in clouds and other ambiguous stimuli is partly based on what perception principle? a. Selective attention. b. ESP. c. Perceptual set. d. Shape constancy. e. Bottom-up processing.

Which of the following phrases accurately describes top-down processing? a. The entry-level data captured by our various sensory systems. b. The effect that our experiences and expectations have on perception. c. Our tendency to scan a visual field from top to bottom. d. Our ability to detect letters of a word before we know what the word is. e. The fact that information is processed by the higher regions of the brain before it reaches the lower brain.

The process by which rods and cones change electromagnetic energy into neural messages is called a. adaptation. b. accommodation. c. parallel processing. d. transduction. e. perceptional setting.

As she looks down the hallway, Elaine is not tricked into thinking that the friend who is closer to her looks larger than the friend who is farther down the hall. Which monocular cue helps her with this understanding? a. Interposition. b. Linear perspective. c. Interposition. d. Relative height. e. Relative size.

Which of the following is the best example of sensory interaction? a. Finding that despite its delicious aroma, a weird-looking meal tastes awful. b. Finding that food tastes bland when you have a bad cold. c. Finding it difficult to maintain your balance when you have an ear infection. d. Finding that the cold pool water doesn't feel so cold after a while. e. Finding that the hot peppers get hotter as you consume more of them.

Which sensory process are the hammer, anvil, and stirrup involved in? a. Detecting intense colors. b. Processing information related to our sense of balance. c. Transmitting light energy to ganglion cells. d. Transmitting sound waves to the cochlea. e. Smelling the foul odors of the locker room.

The experience of a smooth picture at the movies, even though the actual film is made up thousands of separate pictures is due to a. the phi phenomenon. b. perceptual set. c. stroboscopic movement. d. relative motion. e. the illusory effect.

Which of the following phrases accurately describes top-down processing? a. The entry-level data captured by our various sensory systems. b. The effect that our experiences and expectations have on perception. c. Our tendency to scan a visual field from top to bottom. d. Our inclination to follow a predetermined set of steps to process sound. e. The fact that information is processed by the higher regions of the brain before it reaches the lower brain.

______ are neurons that fire in response to specific edges, lines, angles, and movements. a. Rods. b. Cones. c. Ganglion cells. d. Feature detectors. e. Bipolar cells.

Which of the following is the best example of sensory interaction? a. Simultaneous exposure to warm and cold produces the skin sensation of hot. b. Some cones have the ability to detect red and green or blue and yellow light. c. You notice a slight flicker of a light when there is a sound that accompanies it. d. Pitch perception is explained by the frequency and place theories. e. You fail to notice the odd smell of your friend's room after an hour.

After being exposed to loud music for many years, which of the following types of deafness is more likely in a musician? a. Conduction. b. Accommodation. c. Sensorineural. d. Basilar. e. Frequency.

Which division of the nervous system produces the startle response? a. Parasympathetic. b. Central. c. Somatic. d. Sympathetic. e. Autonomic.

Which of the following best represents an absolute threshold? a. A guitar player knows that his D string has just gone out of tune. b. A photographer can tell that the natural light available for a photograph has just faded slightly. c. Your friend amazes you by correctly identifying unlabeled glasses of Coke and Pepsi. d. A cook can just barely taste the small amount of salt she has added to her soup. e. Your mom throws out the milk because she says the taste is "off."