Which scientist developed the atomic theory of matter?

(a) Antoine Lavoisier

(b) John Dalton

(c) Aristotle

(d) Joseph Proust

What evidence in rocks supports the theory of seafloor spreading?

A) plate movement

B) magnetic reversals

C) subduction

D) convergence

What criticisms have been made of the psychoanalytic theory of gender typing? What responses might a psychoanalytic thinker make?

Apply collision theory to explain why foods usually spoil more slowly when refrigerated than at room temperature.

In the early twentieth century, what two experiments involving light and matter could not be explained by the wave theory of light?

State two principles from Dalton’s atomic theory that have been revised as new information has become available.

A thin tubular shaft of circular cross section with inside diameter 100 mm is subjected to a torque of $5000\ \mathrm{N} \cdot \mathrm{m}$. If the allowable shear stress is 42 MPa, determine the required wall thickness t by using (a) the approximate theory for a thin-walled tube, and (b) the exact torsion theory for a circular bar.

The gas tank is made from A-36 steel and has an inner diameter of 1.50 m. If the tank is designed to withstand a pressure of 5 MPa, determine the required minimum wall thickness to the nearest millimeter using (a) the maximum shear stress theory, and (b) maximum distortion energy theory. Apply a factor of safety of 1.5 against yielding.

Why is it often easier for the military to seize power than to rule effectively? Which countries discussed in this chapter support this theory?

Describe one conclusion inade by each scientist that led to the development of the current atomic theory.

a.Thomson

b.Millikan

c. Rutherford

Lewis's theory is satisfactory to explain bonding in the ionic compound $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{O}$, but it does not readily explain the formation of the ionic compounds potassium superoxide, $\mathrm{KO}_2$, and potassium peroxide, $\mathrm{K}_2 \mathrm{O}_2$ (a) Show that molecular orbital theory can provide this explanation.

Using the VSEPR theory, predict the molecular structure of the following polyatomic ions.

a. sulfate ion, $\mathrm{SO}_4{ }^{2-}$

The particle theory of light best explains the bright and dark fringes surrounding the central maximum in a single-slit diffraction demonstration.

According to valence bond theory, what set of orbitals is used by a Period 4 metal ion in forming
(b) a tetrahedral complex?