Which scientist formulated the theory of evolution through natural selection? (A) Charles Darwin (B) James Hutton (C) Charles Lyell (D) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (E) Gregor Mendel

Which would an animal breeder use to produce cows that give more milk? a. overproduction. b. genetic isolation. c. acquired characteristics. d. artificial selection.

Which of the following ideas proposed by Lamarck was later found to be incorrect? a. Acquired characteristics can be inherited. b. All species were descended from other species. c. Living things changes over time. d. Organisms are adapted to their environments.

Intermediate fossil forms are important evidence of evolution because they show a. how organisms changed over time. b. how animals behaved in their environments. c. how the embryos of organisms develop. d. molecular homologies.

Some people dismiss the validity of scientific theories by saying they are “only” theories. The law of universal gravitation is a theory. Does this mean that scientists still doubt its validity? Explain.

Given that the ionization energy of $F _ { 2 } ^ { - }$ is 290. kJ/mol, do the following. Explain the difference in bond energy between $\mathrm {F} _ { 2 }$ and $\mathrm {F} _ { 2 }$ using MO theory.

What do we call the conversion of stimulus energies, like sights and sounds, into neural impulses? a. Transduction. b. Perception. c. Priming. d. Signal detection theory. e. Threshold.

Microeconomic theory argues that it economically rationale (and profitable) to sell additional output as long as the price covers the variable costs of production. How is this relevant to the determination of whether dumping has occurred?

According to Planck’s theory, how does the frequency of vibration of an atom change if it gives off $5.44 \times 10^{-19} \mathrm{J}$ while changing its value of n by 1?

If heat is supplied to the stillpot too rapidly, the ability to separate two liquids by fractional distillation may be drastically reduced. In terms of the theory of distillation presented in the discussion, explain why this is so.

According to one acid-base theory, an acid is an: (1) $\mathrm{OH}^{-}$ acceptor. (2) $\mathrm{OH}^{-}$ donor. (3) $\mathrm{H}^{+}$ acceptor. (4) $\mathrm{H}^{+}$ donor.

According to the quantity theory of money, which variable in the quantity equation is most stable over long periods of time? a. money b. velocity c. price level d. output

Perform the indicated operations. The expression $\left(1-v^{2} / c^{2}\right)^{-1 / 2}$ arises in the theory of relativity. Simplify, using only positive exponents in the result.

Which of the following is an important concept in Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection? A descent with modification B homologous molecules C processes that change the surface of Earth D the tendency toward perfection