Why is it unlikely that organic molecules would accumulate in the oceans today?

Louis Pasteur performed an experiment that showed that ____ did not occur.

Chloroplasts are probably derived from
a. Archaea.
b. cyanobacteria.
c. Eucarya.
d. None of the above is correct.

How do heterotrophs and chemoautotrophs differ in how they obtain organic molecules?

Why must the first organism of Earth have been anaerobic?

The first terrestrial organisms were
a. vertebrates.
b. insects.
c. simple plants.
d. amphibians.

Which one of the following evolved before all of the others?
a. terrestrial plants and animals
b. prokaryotic cells
c. eukaryotic cells
d. multicellular organisms

Describe two models that suggest how collections of organic molecules could have been segregated from other molecules.

What is meant by the term spontaneous generation?

The reproduction of an apple tree by seeds is an example of
a. spontaneous generation.
b. biogenesis.
c. endosymbiosis.
d. None of the above is correct.

Give two reasons why a plasmid is useful for DNA transfer.
a._____________________________________________________________________________________________________ b.____________________________________________________________________________________________________

What is a plasmid? How are plasmids involved in bacterial transformation?

Oligonucleotide Synthesis In the scheme of Figure 8-34, each new base to be added to the growing oligonucleotide is modified so that its $3^{\prime}$ hydroxyl is activated and the $5^{\prime}$ hydroxyl has a dimethoxytrityl (DMT) group attached. What is the function of the DMT group on the incoming base?

Identify the simple organic molecule formed in the leaf and the process that produces it.