Why was the development of vernacular literature important during the High Middle Ages?

How did universities reflect the intellectual revival that occurred in Europe during the High Middle Ages?

Explain the importance of

• William Shakespeare's

• printing press

• Elizabethan Age

• vernacular

• Johann Gutenberg

Write an essay comparing and contrasting the curriculum of modern universities with the curriculum of universities in the High Middle Ages.

What factors encouraged the use of the vernacular in literature in Renaissance society?

Write an essay comparing and contrasting the curriculum of modern universities with the curriculum of universities in the High Middle Ages.

What effects did the invention of the printing press have on European society?

How did the fact that other countries in Europe had strong rulers affect Italy's fate? Compare and contrast the king of Spain's treatment of Italy with that of the king of France.

What were the main advances in literature during the later Middle Ages?

What was the effect of the development of towns on the feudal system?

How were Muslim scholars linked to the revival of learning in Europe?

What was the effect of the development of towns on the feudal system?

What were the religious, political, and economic motivations behind the Crusades?

How did guilds influence business practices in medieval towns?