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Maths

Terms in this set (3)

Algebra
Algebra uses letters (like x or y) or other symbols in place of values, and plays with them using special rules.


Example: x + 3 = 7
"x" is unknown (often called the "variable").

In this case the value of "x" can be found by subtracting 3 from both sides of the equal sign like this:

Start with: x + 3 = 7
Subtract 3 from both sides: x + 3 − 3 = 7 − 3
Calculate: x + 0 = 4
Answer: x = 4
Perimeter, Area and Volume
The perimeter of a shape is the total distance around its edge. To calculate the perimeter of a shape, you just have to add up the lengths of all of its sides.

The area of a shape is a measure of the two dimensional space that it covers. A shape's area is measured in squares, eg square centimetres, square metres and square kilometres.
A shape's volume is a measure of its total 3-dimensional space. You can use the following simple formulas to help you calculate the volume of shapes like cuboids and prisms. The volume of a shape measures the three dimensional (3D) amount of space it takes up. Volume is measured in cubes.
Congruent Shapes
The same shape and size. Two shapesare congruent when you can Turn, Flip and/or Slide one so it fits exactly on the other. ... Angles are congruentwhen they are the same size (in degrees or radians). Sides arecongruent when they are the same length.
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