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Year 9 Coasts

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (32)

Abrasion
rocks scraping away against cliffs
Arch
An opening through a headland
Attrition
Rocks in the sea smash again each other breaking down
Backwash
The movement of material down a beach
Bay
An indent in the coastline between two headlands.
Bar
A strip of deposited material joining two headlands
Beach
Material lying between the high and low tide mark.
Cliff
Steep rock face along a coastline
Coast
The meeting point between the land and sea.
Concordant Coastline
Where the same type of rock is parallel to the coastline
Constructive Waves
Gentle, low energy waves, swash > backwash
Destructive Waves
Frequent, high energy waves, backwash < swash
Discordant Coastline
Different types of rock outcrop at 90o to the coastline
Deposition
Where material is dropped due to a loss off energy
Erosion
The breakdown and removal of rocks
Estuary
A tidal river mouth (where freshwater meets saltwater)
Fetch
Distance of open water over which the wind has blown
Headland
Resistant areas of land sticking out into the sea.
Hydraulic Power
Force of water hitting cliffs, breaks them down & waves force water into crack compressing air forcing rock apart
Load
The material carried by water
Longshore Drift
The movement of material along a coastline
Material moving down slope due to the pull of gravity.
Mass Movement
Material moving down slope due to the pull of gravity.
Prevailing Wind
The main direction from which the wind is coming from
Saltation
The 'hoping' / 'bouncing' motion of particles along the bed.
Solution
The 'hoping' / 'bouncing' motion of particles along the bed.
Stack
An isolated pillar of rock separated from a headland
Stump
Isolated section of rock in front of a stack
Suspension
Small particles carried within the water
Swash
The movement of material up a beach
Spit
Narrow ridge of sand/shingle sticking out from a coastline
Traction
Large pebbles rolled along the seabed
Wave-cut platform
Gently sloping rock platform often covered at high tide
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