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PROTEIN: FOOD NUTRITION AND HEALTH

Terms in this set (37)

Sources of protein
meat, fish, cheese, eggs, nuts, seeds, beans
Proteins are made of
amino acids
We need to eat which amino acids
essential amino acids (EAA's)
How many essientail amino acids are there
8
Why do we need protein
growth, repair, maintenance
What are high biological value (HBV) proteins?
contain all essential amino acids / EAA's
What are low biological value (LBV) proteins?
only contain some EAA's / essential amino acids
What is protein complementation?
Where LBV proteins are combined
Example of protein complementation
Beans on toast, hummus and pitta
Amount of protein for males
55g
Amount of protein for females
45g
Extra amount of protein if pregnant
6g
Excess protein
strains liver and kidneys
Deficiency of protein
slow growth, bad nails, oedema, bad immune system, kwashiorkor
Examples of alternative proteins
soya, mycoprotein, tofu, TVP
Macronutrients
proteins, carbs and fats
Key Functions of Protein
growth, repair and maintenance
What are Proteins made of
amino acids
What Foods do we get Protein From
meat, fish, dairy products, nuts, seeds and beans
Non-Essential Amino Acids
the amino acids that our bodies produce
Essential Amino Acids
Amino acids that are needed, but cannot be made by the body; they must be eaten
High Biological Value
proteins that contain all of the essential amino acids we need
Animal Sources of HBV Proteins
meat, fish, poultry, eggs, cheese and milk
Plant Sources of HBV Proteins
soya beans and quinoa
Low Biological Value
foods that are missing one or more of the essential amino acids
Sources of LBV Proteins
peas, lentils, nuts, seeds and most beans
Protein Complementation
combining different LBV proteins to get all the essential amino acids
Why do Growing Children require more Protein
they need a greater amount of protein relative to their size and body mass
Why do Physically Active People require more Protein
they need more protein for muscle growth and repair
Why do Pregnant Women require more Protein
they need 6g more protein to help the baby grow. during breastfeeding, they need even more
Excess Protein
strain on the liver and kidneys
Deficiency of Protein
growth is slowed, hair skin and nails are in poor condition, immune system can't function properly, struggle to digest foods properly, odema, and in severe cases Kwashiorkor
Soya
hbv protein, can be eaten whole but have to be cooked to remove toxicity
Mycoprotein
traditionally made from a mushroom like fungus and egg white, used as an alternative to chicken and mince
TVP
made from soya flour, and is used to make a dough which when baked gives a meat texture
Tofu
curdling soya milk, different textures, can be used in dips and desserts, stir fries
Alternative Proteins
don't taste of much, but they are good at absorbing the flavours of the food they are cooked in
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