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LOCALISATION OF FUNCTION IN THE BRAIN

Terms in this set (18)

What is meant by 'localisation of function'?
The theory that different areas of the brain are responsible for different behaviours, processes and activities.
What is meant by 'holistic theory'?
The theory that all parts of the brain are involved in thought processes and actions.
Which two scientists discovered that specific areas of the brain are associated with particular physical and psychological functions?
Paul Broca and Karl Wernicke
What is meant by 'hemispheric lateralisation'?
The theory that some functions are controlled or dominated by one side of the brain.
Which hemisphere is the left hand side of the body controlled by?
Right hemisphere
Which hemisphere is the right hand side of the body controlled by?
Left hemisphere
What is the outer layer of both hemispheres called?
Cerebral cortex which is about 3mm thick.
Who provides supporting evidence of localisation of function from brain scan research?
Tulving et al. (1994)
What is the aim of Tulving et al. study?
To see whether episodic memory and semantic memory are separate memory systems located in different areas of the brain.
What is the method of Tulving et al. study?
PET scans were used to detect different areas of the brain involved in the use of different types of memory. Participants were injected with radioactive glucose//gold and activity monitored whilst being asked to remember either episodes or facts.
What are the two distinct patterns of blood flow in the brain?
Episodic -> Front -> More blood flow
Semantic -> Back -> More blood flow
Therefore, this supports the idea of localisation of function and increases the validity of the theory.
Who provides case study evidence for 'localisation of function'?
Phineas Gage
How does the case of Phineas Gage support 'localisation of function'?
Gage's frontal lobe was damaged so it changed his personality.
Why is it difficult to draw general conclusions from the case of Gage?
We cannot assume the same injury would have the same effects on other people. Therefore, the value of the study is limited as we cannot generalise the findings to a wider population.
Who provides a limitation for 'localisation of function' from animal research evidence?
Lashley (1950)
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