RCL5: Satire & Fiction

What does Horace infer about Ofellus' farm? 2.2- used to own a farm, lived plainly - when he was in company he was a good host but not too extravagant. - Farm has now been brought by another manWhat does Ofellus state about the farm?'Nor he nor I were the owner of the land'What ideas are conveyed through Ofellus' statement about the farm land?Material possessions are impermanent. Nature of fortunes. Link to Horace's life.Why did Horace move to Athens?Pursue education. To train under a Rhetor.What happened in Horace's life?Julius Caesar assassinated. Civil war broke out. Then Actium war. Octavian victorious over Antony.Who did Horace support in Caesar's assassination?The assassins. Brutus and Cassius.What happened to Horace once Octavian won the war?- Pardoned Horace. Gave him a job as security. - Horace then ended up with the richest patron (Maecenas) - therefore has knowledge on how easily fortunes are gained/lost.What are the key themes of Horace 2.6?- Luxuria v plain living - Urbs v Rus (city mouse v town mouse) - patronage - optium v negotiumHow does is patronage a theme in Horace 2.6?- Horace talks about his farm gifted to him by Maecenas. -Epicureanism in satire 2.6:- steering between avoiding pain and pursuing pleasure -What other literature does Horace 2.6 link to?Pliny 1.9What does Horace in 2.6 state is the best way to spend your time?- in the country, reading literature and writing - reading ancient classics - homer + greek philosophers e.g Pythagoras.What can we criticise about Horace encouraging country living + reading in 2.6?- a very privileged outlook. Only the wealthy could afford these activities. - arguably still lazy and overindulging, Horace is just being pretentious about it.What speakers are there in Horace 2.6?- many people speaking. Gives idea of a debate. - direct speech brings it to life.What are the speakers talking about and where are they? Horace 2.6- firstly about country living v town living - then about patronage in the city - they are in the city.Who are the speakers? Horace 2.6Friends of Horace. Chief of slaves. Kurvius.Why is the language used in the city setting negative? H 2.6To convey how Horace dislikes the loudness and chaos of the city + of negotium.How does Horace feel in the city? 2.6Overwhelmed due to relationship with Maecenas.How does Horace describe his otium?'Among ancient classics, with sleep and idle hours' With simple foodsWhat is the country mouse and town mouse a reference to? 2.6Aesop's fable. Parody of epic poetry.Where is the town mouse and country mouse told and by who?Cervius. At Horace's dinner party.What does Horace state about his dinner party?- there are 'no rules' contrast to traditional dinner parties, and their rules of etiquette. Reinforces idea of otium and freedom.What is the plot of the town mouse and country mouse?- country mouse invited by town mouse to live in a lavish house in the city. - suddenly the hounds come in. Country mouse leaves. - town mouse gives country mouse a speech.What could the hounds interrupting the mice be symbolic of?Dangers/threats of wealth. Is an exciting life worth the risk?What speech does the town mouse give the country mouse?A mock epicurean speech. Essentially carpe diem. Life is short so surround yourself with joyful things. Town mouse is convincing country mouse to abandon his stability and to endanger himself for brief happiness.Why does the country mouse disprove of the town mouse's speech?It is in the wrong context. Country mouse values his stability and his relationships over material etc.What is special about Horace 2.6?It is a lesson within a lesson.How can we criticise Horace for supporting the Town mouse?Horace himself lives an epicurean lifestyle.What is the didactic element of Horace 2.6?To value relationships and self fulfilment over materialism.What is the setting for Horace 2.6?Both in the urbs and in the Rus.What is the setting of Horace 2.8?Nasidienus' dinner party. In the Urbs.Who is the fictional narrator of Horace 2.8?FundaniusWhat are the key themes of Horace 2.8?- cena - rich v poor - patron and client relationshipWhat is the plot of Horace 2.8?- Horace meets Funanius and asks him to recount his evening at Nasidienus' dinner party. - Funadnius provides a farsical and even slapstick account.What is the plot of Nasidienus' dinner party in 2.8?- Nasidienus' describing lavish meals - suddenly tapestry falls down - Nasidienus reacts by putting on his slippers and combing his hair - then provides more lavish food.How does Horace mock Fundanius in 2.8?Displays how at the start he is excited by + desires the ridiculous foodWhat is the tapestry falling in 2.8 symbolic of?Corruption of LuxuriaWhat are the farcical moments in 2.8?- ridiculous meals - tapestry falling - Nasidienus' reaction to tapestryHow does Horace display Nasidienus as an idiot?Balatro openly mocks him + is sarcastic. Nasidienus is too stupid to acknowledge the sarcasm.How does Nasidienus react to the tapestry?Calls for his slippers + combs his hair. Then rectifies then situation with even more food. Too much food. His guests flee.How does Horace mock Nasidienus in 2.8?Details the lavish and ridiculous ways the food was prepared. - 'caught....when a soft southerly blew' - 'by the light of the waning moon'What is the humorous aspect of Horace 2.8?The ridiculous preparation of the food + Nasidienus' reaction to the tapestry falling down.How is fundanius different to Horace's other narrators?Was an actual Roman man. A comic playwright.What is the lesson of Horace 2.8?Dinner parties are superficial and fakeWhat is interesting about the end of Horace 2.8?Is not a didactic end. Has no lesson. End of 2.8 is the end of this second book of satires. - Some suggest that it is because Horace attempts to create a smooth transition between previous lessons and the reader's life.Horace was born the son of a...FreedmanWhere was Horace born?Venusia in Southern Italy.When was Caesar assassinated?44 BCThe dog is a....MiserThe wolf is a.....GluttonWho are the characters invited to Nasidienus' dinner party?- Maecenas (very important) - Fundanius - Balatro - PorciusWhat names are jokes in Horace 2.8?- Balatro = the buffoon - Porcius = the pigWhat is the lesson of Horace 2.8?Reductio ad absurdum Therefore it is not what you eat but how and with who.In comparison to Horace, Juvenal was....An angry satirist.Who was Juvenal?A lawyer who lived in Rome between 55 and 130 AD. Was an excellent public speaker.What are the key themes of Juvenal's Satire three?- inequality - Roman Housing - Urbs v Rus - Mastery v Slavery. - freedomWhat key phrase conveys Juvenal's inspiration?'Facit indignatio versum' My indignation inspires my poetry.What genre is Juvenal's satire three?Verse satireWhat does Juvenal criticise in Satire 3?The class divide and quality of life in Rome The immoral, corrupt and hypocritical behaviour of the Roman elite. Traditional Roman values.Despite savagely criticising Roman life, Juvenal....Never tries to move out of Rome.Contextually, who is Juvenal especially critical of?Emperor Domitian. However never names him out of fear.Who is Horace's audience?The wealthy, educated upper classWho are Juvenal's audience?The wealthy educated upper class.What is the goal of Juvenal's satires in relation to his audience?To provoke his readers into social change and improvement.What is intriguing about Juvenal?He is criticising the type of men who made up his audience.What are the two sections of Satire 3?1 Roman housing 2 dangers of romeHow is Juvenal similar to Horace?The lesson is given to a fictional character, who's name is often a pun. Uses direct speech.What fictional character does Juvenal use in Satire 3?Umbricius = the shady one. A pun. Implies the shade of the country side.When does Juvenal use direct speech in Satire three?Attributes it to the drunkard who wants to beat you up. Technique used to make it more vivid + threatening. position the reader as the victim. Allows us to identify with the situation.What is the didactic element of Juvenal's satire?For poor Romans the country is better than the city as they can have freedom.What does Juvenal state about freedom in the country side?'You can be the master of a solitary lizard'What does Juvenal state about inequality in Rome?'Who does not suffer from this unjust city?' 'You have to be filthy rich to find rest in Rome'What rich versus poor comparison does Juvenal make?Between Cordus (poor) and Asaracus (rich)Where does Cordus live?In a cenacula in an Insula.Who is Procula?Famous dwarfHow does Juvenal highlight the injustice of Rome through Cordus' bed being too small for procula?Procula is physically small. Highlights how overlooked and ignored the poor Romans are.+ how overcrowded Rome is. The injustice of the poor.What does Cordus say about the effects of Insula burning down?Person living at the top can't get to safety. They either die or are left even poorer + homeless.What is Juvenal ultimately commenting about injustice in rome through Roman housing?Poor only get poorer. Rich only get richer. Ever Increasing social divide.What does Juvenal say happens when the dōmus burn down?- they hold ceremonies and act like someone has died. Nobles wear black. Praetors adjourn their meetings. - rich man is given gifts and even donations. - he ends up more wealthy. Is suspected of setting light to his own house.What is the humour in Juvenal's satire three?The nobles wear black + Praetors adjourn their meetings when a rich man's house burns down. Mourning the loss of their maternal possessions as they are worth more than the lives of the Roman poor. It is a more tragic loss.What are the key references in the dangers of Rome section?To patronage + sportula handoutWhat are the dangers Juvenal describes in section 2?Overcrowded streets, people jostling to get to the salutatio. The rich and their construction items.What is the salutatio?Morning greeting of the patronWhat pain does Umbricius describe in section 1?I'm forever trampled by mighty feetWhat are the poor crushed by in the Roman streets?Large trees + weight of Ligurian marbleWhat is the rich crushing the poor in the streets symbolic of?Don't care about their impact on the poor/ don't value their lives.How are the poor impacted by the rich crushing them?Dead obvi. Families cannot recognise their bodies as they are crushed and deformed. Therefore no proper burial.What does Juvenal list as the dangers of Roman night?- things falling from windows, could get doused in urine. - being beaten up/attackedWhy is the drunk described as 'like achilles'?Ref to homer's Iliad.How do Juvenal's classical references link him to Horace?As it appeals to the educated audiences.How is the drunkard like achilles?Is grieving + must take it out on someone. Takes it out on Umbricius as reader is meant to identify w/ him.What happens after Umbricius is beaten up?Has to beg for his forgiveness and to be allowed to leave.How does Umbricius begging to leave link to ideas of freedom?- idea of only being free in the Rus. 'Master of a solidarity lizard' - but in the Urbs the only freedom you are allowed, is to leave once you have been beaten.What happens once Umbricius escapes the drunk?He is attacked by thieves.How does Juvenal conclude Satire 3?With Umbricius leaving the Urbs for the Rus.How is Petronius different to other satirists?Writes in prose instead of verse. Satyricon is a novel.Who is the narrator of Satyricon?EncolpiusWhat is the setting of Satyricon?Trimalchio's dinner party.Who was Petronius?Influential aid to Emperor Nero. Served as a consul in 62 AD.Who is Petronius' audience?Petronius uses more common/everyday language. Implies he is aiming for a wider audience than just the elite.Who is Agamemnon is Satyricon?An honoured guest as he is intelligent and well educated.Encolpius is of...Relatively low social class. Invited due to relation with Agamemnon, who is his rhetoric teacher.Satyricon explores..The extravagant and ridiculous lives of the elite.Dinner with Trimalchio is a..Snapshot of Roman life.Why was Dinner with trimalchio picked to highlight Roman life?- dinner parties are a setting where social class, high society and etiquette can be explored.What themes are explored in Satyricon?- patron and client - husband and wife - rich v poor - slavery v masteryHow is encolpius instructed to enter the dining room?Right foot first. Humour.What is ironic about how Trimalchio treats his slaves?- he used to be a slave - now acts extremely cruelly to his slaves. - perhaps because he is desperate to assert himself as a master/feels insecure about his previous social standing.Who was Trimalchio?Used to be a slave. A self made man. Went from slave to libertus. - now is a master of a domus. - was a member of the priesthood of Augustus. Only for Liberti (freedmen).In Satyricon, we learn how masters yield....The power of corporal and capital punishment over their slaves.What does Petronius comment on through Trimalchio?Society + social elevationHow can social class be explored in dinner parties?- through different meals - through seating arrangementsWhat implies Trimalchio is overly ambitious and gaudy?- wears Gold and ivory. Reserved for gods. E.g chryselephantine. - yet here a Roman ex-slave is wearing it. Farcical.What is humorous about Trimalchio bragging about having Hen's milk?Hen's don't produce milk. Mocking Trimalchio + he is out of touch with reality.What is the name of Trimalchio's wife?Fortuna. Means fortune.How is Trimalchio's wife fortunate?Went from being a prostitute, to being the wife of a libertus. Immense social elevation.What is the key message of Petronius' Satyricon?Social injustice + prevention. Money can't buy taste.How does Petronius emphasise Trimalchio's wealth?His doorman has more silver in his storeroom than anyone else has in their whole house. He never buys anything. Everything is homegrown + shipped in.Why does Trimalchio punish the cook?Has not gutted the pig.Why does Trimalchio threaten the cook?Wants to show + assert his power.How does Trimalchio embarrass himself ?Makes jokes which fall flat/ fails to entertain his guests. Attempts to show his education + knowledge of Trojan war, however gets the facts incorrect.