National 5 Unit 1 - Atomic Structure

What is the name of the group 7 elements?HalogensWhat is the name of the group 8/0 elements?Noble gasesWhich group is the most reactive metals?Alkali metals (group 1)Which group is the most reactive non-metals?Halogens (group 7)Which group is the least reactive?Noble gases (group 8/0)Why are alkali metals stored under oil?Alkali metals are stored under oil because they react very vigorously with oxygen and water, including moisture in the airWhy are the Noble gases so unreactive?They have a full outer shellWhat is meant by the term isotope?Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers.What is RAM (relative atomic mass)?The average mass of all the isotopes of an element.When looking at mass numbers we have Carbon-12, Carbon-13 and Carbon-14. If the RAM is 12 which isotope is most common?Carbon-12When looking at the mass numbers we have Bromine-79 and Bromine-81. If the RAM is 80 what does this tell us about the proportion of each isotope?They are equal (50:50)Why are atoms neutral?Because they have the same number of (positive) protons and (negative) electrons so the charges cancel out.What is meant by an ion?Ions are charged particles.How can you identify the charge on an ion?The number on the charge is the same as the valency, the charge is dependant on if the element is a metal (+ve) or non-metal (-ve)How do metals form ions?Metals lose electrons to become positive ions.How do non-metals form ions?Non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions.What three pieces of information is needed for the nuclide notation of an atom?Mass number Atomic number Element symbolWhat 4 pieces of information is needed for the nuclide notation of an ion?Mass number Atomic number Element symbol Charge of ionWhat is meant by the atomic number?The number of protonsWhat is meant by the mass number?The number of protons plus neutronsWhere can all of the mass of an atom be found?In the nucleus