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Chapter 8 mias questions

Terms in this set (43)

Who is also known as the chief information office or CIO
Head of information technology
Who reports to the CIO and is usually responsible for the provision of all server and desktop facilities to all users, and for the day-to-day running in support of the production systems
Head of production support
Who reports to the head of production support
Database administrators and helpdesk analysts
Who develops and in forces, database, standards, guidelines, operational policies, and procedures

Reviews physical structures

Reviews, performance, maintenance and utilities associated with the structure

Review necessary storage media

Review structured, query language, performance and tuning

Review applications access to the database structures

Review backup and recovery strategies

Review where required the purge/archive criteria

Monitor database/subsystem performance issues

Review migration plans and be responsible for promoting database changes into production.
Database administrators
Who manages the core aspects of an incident obtained by the helpdesk?
Helpdesk analysts
Who reports to the CIO and is usually responsible for the commissioning of new applications
Head of development and implementation
Who reports to the head of development and implementation
Business analysts

Application designers/systems analysts

Programmers or developers
Who reports to the CEO and is responsible for testing new software releases and implementing change control procedures
Head of testing
Who reports to the head of testing?
Test analysts
Who reports to the CIO and is responsible for managing major change of programs and individual projects
Head of change
Who reports to the head of change?
Program managers and project managers
Who reports to the CIO and is responsible for managing the companies business recovery plans
Head of business, continuity and recovery
Who reports to the CIO and is responsible for the overall direction of all security functions associated with applications, voice and data communications and computing services within the firm
Head of information security
Out of which head who needs to be aware of GDPR
Head of information security
What is the technology infrastructure made up of in the users firm
Monitoring software
Helpdesk applications
Change management applications
What is the technology infrastructure of use a firm business applications?
User interface layer (client)
Real time messaging, middleware tools
Relational databases
Application software
What obtains inserts, updates and deletes rows from tables, as well as creating deleting and altering tables and columns
Structured query language
Distributed system
A configuration which contains a number of hardware elements that are connected by some transmission technology. Some systems consist of a number of executing programs which interact with each other via transmission lines.
Why might a firm implement a system in a distributed fashion?
To ensure that processing power is as close to the users as possible

To ensure a high level of robustness

To enable hardware to be easily added as The resource demands of the application running on the distributed system start increasing
The process of sharing information, so as to ensure consistency between redundant resources, such as software and hardware components to improve, reliability, fault, tolerance, or accessibility
Data replication
How is data replication implemented?
Either by storing the same data on multiple storage devices, or by executing the same computing task many times on different devices
What is the name for one processes executed many times on different devices
Computation replication
Who's responsibility is it to maintain business as usual?
Operations
How might operations maintain business as usual?
Ensuring that business applications and the configurations that run them are stable and are able to cope with normal business volumes

Recording deficiencies in the designer operation of systems that support the firms activities, and maintaining documentation of the workaround is to keep the process in control .

Protecting the organisation from system, security issues such as unauthorised access

Ensuring that system integrate effectively, minimising manual intervention and data integrity issues
Business changes usually delivered by
A project or program
What risks need to be managed when delivering business change within the technology function
Aligning technology strategy with the business strategy

Aligning the solution to the strategic business drivers

Managing and monitoring risks of introducing the change on the business

Providing visibility of risks and issues to responsible stakeholders

Risk of over and under spending

Risk of reinventing the wheel

Delivery risk

Complexity risk

Skip expansion risk

Managing external parties
What does risk of reinventing the wheel mean?
Implementing duplicate systems
What is scope expansion risk also known as?
Scope creep where the scope grows and grows
What is benefits realisation?
For any new project:

The intended benefits of that project must be documented and clearly understood at the outset and agreed by senior management

They should be expressed in financial terms if possible and quantifiable

The identities of the business units that will enjoy these benefits must be known at the outset

As part of the change plan, time and resources must be set aside to measure whether these intended benefits, where are we are not in fact achieved
Follow the Sun
This model is widely used by firms that have operations in more than one time, zone and users accessing the same applications and servers from different countries
Extend working hours
This model is widely used. One of farmers are doing business in a single time zone, but is using applications that are working throughout the day and night. A single helpdesk may work night shifts
Partial outsourcing
If a number of out of hours calls are expected to be very few in number, but may be critical than overnight. Manning of the helpdesk could be outsource to 3rd party specialist firm.
As part of business as usual, activity, helpdesk functions must
Have planned, administrative or preventative maintenance activities

Have unplanned emergency activities
Examples of planned, administrative or preventative maintenance activities
Provide a new user with a PC and appropriate software to run on that PC and user names and passwords to run software applications

Move, one or more PCs or servers, or other hardware items within the office

Upgrade an item of hardware or software at an agreed date in the future, including the latest antivirus software
Exampled of unplanned, emergency activities provided by the helpdesk
An item of hardware or an application is not performing correctly and needs to be fixed to enable the user to continue normal daily operations

An item of hardware or software has failed in the recent past. An action needs to be taken to recover from the problems that were created
Typical SLA sections are as follows
Party signatures service description

Scope of work

Performance levels

Tracking and reporting

Problem management

Compensation and service credits

Custom duties and responsibilities

Warranties and remedies

Security

Intellectual property rights and confidential information

Legal compliance and resolution of disputes

Termination and signatures
What is operational resilience?
Firms that have effective business, continuity, planning and disaster recovery
An approach to maintaining system availability, whereby all transactions are routinely written to the production, server and the StandbyServer, a different location. Simultaneously, the StandbyServer is therefore ready to take over the processing load instantaneously. Should there be any failure of the production system
Hot sites
Implementing a range of automated procedures to maintain same data onto servers and different locations. Typically, this involves some form of automatic synchronisation between the databases such as provided by log shipping.
Warm sites
Automating and integrating the process of backing up copying and restoring the database from a primary server to a secondary server, that can take 5 to 15 minutes
Log shipping
StandbyServer is a spare server at a standby location that is configured similarly to the primary server and is running the same version of the operating system database and application software with all the same service pack supplied is the primary survey suffers a failure than the SQL database is restored to the secondary server from the primaries back up files
Called sites
What are symptoms of poor change control practices?
The latest version of source code cannot be found

A difficult defect that was fixed at great expense suddenly reappears

He developed and tested feature Is mysteriously missing.

A fully tested program, suddenly does not work

The wrong version of the code was deployed

The wrong version of the code was tested

There is no traceability between the software, requirements, documentation and code

Programmers are working on the wrong version of the code

The wrong versions of the configuration items are being used as the baseline

No one knows which modules comprise the software system delivered to the customer
Software applications that manage multiple revisions of the same unit of information
Version control systems
Sets found in the same folder