Immunodeficiency

define immunodeficiency
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Terms in this set (21)
define immunodeficiency
full or partial impairment of the immune system
what is primary immunodeficiency?
inherited
what is secondary immunodeficiency?
acquired
what is quantitative immunodeficiency?
not enough of something
what is qualitative immunodeficiency?
functional
what are the red flags of immunodeficiency?
similar infections of increasing frequency, increasing duration

(infections gives clues as to what is going on)
what are the consequences of immunodeficiency?
1. cancers
2. infections
3. autoimmunity - loss of tolerance
what is an example of a primary immunodeficiency?
echzma and CF
what happens if you have defective C3 in the complement pathway?
defective opsonisation and pyogenic infection (pus-producing)
what happens if you dont have a classical pathway?
autoimmunity - the classical antibody pathway is involved in the clearance of immune response and apoptotic cells - debris and self-antigens left causing autoimmunity
what happens if you have loss of end of pathway (MAC)?Neisseria infection (pathogens have evolved away from this complex)what is neutrophil immunodeficiency?total loss of neutrophils = incomparable with lifewhat are the symptoms of neutrophil deficiency?puss producing bacterial infectionswhat are some examples of quantitative neutrophil immunodeficiencies (not enough)?- congenital neutropenia - severe cyclic neutropeniawhat are some examples of qualitative neutrophil immunodeficiencies?- leukocyte adhesion deficiency - TLR signalling deficiencies (cells cant recognise danger so insufficient neutrophils) - chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)what are the outcomes of T cell deficiency?no T cell help (innate immune system/ B cell response/ T cytotoxic cells/ regulating (Tregs), leads to failure to thrive, diarrhoea, pneumoniawhat is SCID?severe combined immunodeficiency = failure to produce T cells +/- B cells and NK cellswhat is the treatment for SCID?bone marrow transplantWhat is Di George Syndrome?T cell deficiency due to incomplete thymus developmentwhat are the outcomes of B cell deficiency?pyogenic infection, respiratory tract infection, diahorrea (= infections of mucosal areas - where antibodies engulf pathogens and enhance phagocytosis - IgA) (NOT AS BAD AS T cell DEFICIENCY)what are CVIDs?common variable immunodeficiencies = antibodies deficiencies (IgA deficiency is most common)