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B4: Bioenergetics [๐…๐จ๐ฎ๐ง๐๐š๐ญ๐ข๐จ๐ง ๐๐š๐ฉ๐ž๐ซ ๐Ÿ]

Terms in this set (29)

What is photosynthesis?
A reaction in plants where carbon dioxide and water react to form glucose and oxygen
Where does photosynthesis take place?
In chloroplasts in green plant cells
Where is the energy for photosynthesis taken from?
light radiation from the Sun
What type of reaction is photosynthesis?
Endothermic (energy is taken in from the surroundings)
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + water โ†’ glucose + oxygen
What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6 COโ‚‚ + 6 Hโ‚‚O โ†’ Cโ‚†Hโ‚โ‚‚Oโ‚† + 6 Oโ‚‚
What are the three main things that affect photosynthesis?
1) Light
2) COโ‚‚ concentration
3) Temperature
How does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?
โ€ข If the temperature is low, the enzymes needed for photosynthesis work more slowly.
โ€ข If the plant gets too hot (around 45ยฐC), the enzymes become damaged.
How do plants use glucose?
โ€ข used for respiration
โ€ข to produce important molecules
What is cellulose used for in plants?
Making strong cell walls.
Why do plants store starch?
It is a source of stored energy ready for when photosynthesis isn't happening
What is respiration?
a reaction which is always occurring in living cells to provide energy
Is respiration exothermic or endothermic?
Exothermic
1 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTION
How do organisms use energy from respiration?
โ€ข chemical reactions to build larger molecules โ€ข movement
โ€ข keeping warm
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration using oxygen
1 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTION
What is anaerobic respiration?
respiration without oxygen
1 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTION
Where does aerobic respiration happen?
in the mitochondria
2 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTIONS
Where does anaerobic respiration happen?
in the cytoplasm
2 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTIONS
What is the word equation for respiration?
Glucose + oxygen โ†’ carbon dioxide + water
1 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTION
What is the symbol equation for respiration?
Cโ‚†Hโ‚โ‚‚Oโ‚† + 6 Oโ‚‚ โ†’ 6 COโ‚‚ + 6 Hโ‚‚O
1 MULTIPLE CHOICE OPTION
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?
Glucose โ†’ lactic acid
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast cells?
Glucose โ†’ ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is the name given to anaerobic respiration in yeast cells?
Fermentation
When do human body cells start to respire anaerobically?
During exercise when your body can't supply enough oxygen to your muscles
Why is anaerobic respiration less good than aerobic respiration?
โ€ข It doesn't transfer as much energy as aerobic respiration
โ€ข It causes lactic acid to build up in the muscles, which is painful.
How is fermentation used in industry?
โ€ข Bread making
โ€ข Making alcoholic drinks
How does your body increase the amount of oxygen that gets to your cells when you exercise?
โ€ข Breathing rate and depth increases (to get more oxygenated blood to cells)
โ€ข Heart rate increases (to get oxygenated blood to cells quicker, and to remove COโ‚‚ quicker)
What happens to muscles after long periods of exercise?
Muscles get tired and stop contracting efficiently
What is metabolism?
The sum of all the chemical reactions occuring in an organism.
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