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Grade 9&10: Criterion C

Terms in this set (28)

Data
Facts, figures, and other evidence gathered through observations.
raw data
Is the information gathered by the source before it has been further processed, cleaned or analyzed
processed data
Information that is derived from the manipulation and translation of raw data into a more usable formate is called Processed data.
bar graph
a graph that uses vertical or horizontal bars to show comparisons among two or more discrete data.
Line graphs
are used for continuous data.
half range
Is a measure of variation within a data set and is the difference between the maximum and minimum values, divided by 2.
range of a data set
the difference between the biggest and smallest values in a set of data; Range = {6, 6.50, 7, 7.50,...}
Measurements of Dispersion/Variation
Differences observed in a data set measured as the range, variance, standard deviation or half range
mean
the average value of a group of numbers
error bars
on bar or line graphs, they indicate the amount of variability around a mean; often reflect standard deviations or confidence intervals
Confidence in data
A measure of how certain the results are accurate and/or precise.
significance
the quality of being worthy of attention; importance.
accurate
exactly correct as can be verified by other scientific data
precision
refers to how close a series of measurements are to one another (It may not always be accurate)
Reliability of data
the extent to which an experiment, test, or measuring procedure yields the same results on repeated trials
trend
a general direction or pattern in which something is developing or changing
continuous data
Data that can take on any value. There is no space between data values for a given domain. Graphs are represented by solid lines.
discrete data
Data that can be counted or with space between possible data values. Graphs are represented by bar charts.
x-axis and y-axis
the x axis is the horizontal number line on a coordinate plane; the y axis is the vertical number line on a coordinate plane
scientific conclusion
states whether the data supported the hypothesis or showed it to be false
Evaluation
...
justify
Give valid reasons or evidence to support an answer or conclusion.
Reproducible
A measurement is reproducible if the investigation is repeated by another person, or by using different equipment or techniques, and the same results are obtained.
bias error
when a consistent mistake is made
Natural dispersion
There is a natural variation in the things being measured (e.g. students in your grade vary in height, a random sample of 5 students might have a different mean height to the mean of the whole grade)
Accuracy
A description of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity measured.
consistent results
reliability
literature value
the accepted value based on measurements by many scientists and/or engineers over a period of time
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