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Path Tutorial 1 Intro - Peripheral and Central Neuropathy

Terms in this set (101)

Peripheral nerves are a collection of nerve fibres and what else, organised into a discrete anatomic structure = the nerve?
Supporting tissue
What are three supporting elements that are present in a nerve?
1) Schwann cells = produce myelin
2) Fibroblasts = produce collagen
3) Small blood vessels
The structural unit of a nerve is what?
A nerve fibre = which is a single axon arising from a nerve cell body
Nerve fibres are each associated with Schwann cells and are surrounded by what?
A loose connective tissue layer called the endoneurium
Nerve fibres are then collected into bundles, or fascicles, and surrounded by a more dense layer of....?
Collagenous tissue called the perineurium
In larger peripheral nerves with more than one fascicle, a third layer of connective tissue called what binds the fascicles into a nerve?
Epineurium
What are present throughout the layers of the nerve?
Small vessels
Nerves may contain any combination of what?
- Myelinated or non-myelinated
- Efferent (motor) or afferent (sensory) fibres of either somatic or autonomic type
Here we can see a normal peripheral nerve which consists of 8 fascicles:
Again we see the structure of a normal peripheral nerve?
Nerve fibres may be myelinated or non-myelinated - but both types are associated with....?
Schwann cells
Most axons greater than 3 microns in diameter are....?
Myelinated
Non-myelinated axons form an invagination in what?
The cytoplasm of a Schwann cell, such that the axon becomes surrounded by the Schwann cell's cytoplasm
The invagination in the cell's cytoplasm then fuses, forming what?
The mesaxon
Here we see where non-myelinated axons fit into the Schwann cells:
- Note the mesaxon where the invagination has formed (this fuses up)
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