Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

test

Terms in this set (204)

1. Which of these statements is incorrect? The financing of health care can be:
A. private
B. Mixture
C. International
D. State
C. International
. Which part of running a dental practice is the most costly?
A. insurance
B. salaries
C. materials
D. equipment
B. salaries
. Private payment for dental treatment is better for the dentist because:
A. more patients attend
B. less administrative work
C. better service provided for the patient
D. better patient-dentist relationship
C. better service provided for the patient
Which of the following statements is correct? Private insurance is better for the patient that group insurance because it:
A. is cheaper
B. covers a bigger range of dental treatment
C. covers all dental treatment available on the market
D. can be used by all the members of the
A. Family
b. covers a bigger range of dental treatment
Which of the following statements is incorrect? The reason for the growth in the cost of health care is:
A. doctors are practicing defensive medicine
B. Better doctor training
C. An aging population
D. Progress in diagnostic and treatment
A. doctors are practicing defensive medicine
Which of the following problems make any dental treatment of Down's syndrome patients difficult?
A. hypodontia
B. oligodontia
C. macrodontia
D. Macroglossia (and gingival hyperplasia, malocclusion, xerostomia - dry mouth, caries + periodontal disease)
D. Macroglossia (and gingival hyperplasia, malocclusion, xerostomia - dry mouth, caries + periodontal disease)
Which of the following statements is true regarding patients with mental retardation?
A. communication with the patient regarding the management of their caries does not matter
B. People with Down's syndrome do not represent patients with a higher caries risk
C. It is essential to improve their oral hygiene and prevent caries through dietary modifications
D. The strategy for giving oral hygiene instructions to patients with autism involves speaking loudly
E. There is no need to change your appointments schedule for these patients
c. It is essential to improve their oral hygiene and prevent caries through dietary modifications
. The best time to schedule appointments for a mentally retarded patient is:
A. morning
B. Evening
C. Evening and afternoon
D. Anytime
E. Morning and evening
A. morning
. When placing a glass-ionomer material in a cavity prepared by ART, which of the statements are/is correct?
A. conditioning the dentin should be done first
A. drying the cavity can be achieved with cotton pellets
B. A varnish is applied after the setting and trimming of the material
E. All of the above
E. All of the above
ART can be performed when
A. The patient is at home
B. The patient is in a care home
C. The patient is sitting in a dental chair
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
To remove infected dentin from the walls of a cavity during ART procedure:
A. spoon excavators are used
B. attention must be paid not to expose the pulp by applying pressure on instrument
C. Areas which are difficult to access are prepared by burs
D. A and C
E. All of the above
A. spoon excavators are used
Which of the following social class stratification is described as "skilled manual"?
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
E. V
C. III
Compared to more advanced social classes lower social groups have:
a. a higher proportion of teeth requiring treatment
b. a higher number of teeth missing due to caries
c. a lower number of restored teeth
d. proper oral care procedure e. higher consumption of sugar
Answers:
A. a, b,c,d
B. a, c, d,
C. b, c, d, e,
D. all above
E. a, b, c, e
E. a, b, c, e
Please indicate which of the following explanation of social inequalities is false?
A. "personality, lifestyle, life chances are similar for one social class"
B. "dental problems are often concerned with health"
C. "a change in one part of society (eg. Economics) leads to changes in other parts (eg. The health care system)"
D. "I and II social classes are exposed to a more dangerous, unhealthy environment, and inequalities in oral health are the result of maternal deprivation"
E. "There are 3 dimensions of the culture and health related behavior: material, cognitive, normative"
D. "I and II social classes are exposed to a more dangerous, unhealthy environment, and inequalities in oral health are the result of maternal deprivation"
Which of the following factors are the most important is achieving caries control in developed countries?
A. changes in the number of dentists
B. antibiotic and antimicrobial drugs
C. long-term changes in lifestyle
D. individual clinical intervention
C. long-term changes in lifestyle
Dietary causes of non carious defects in the structure of teeth are:
A. excessive ingestion of calcium
B. lack of starch (cariogenic - caries inducing)
C. excessive ingestion of sucrose
D. excessive ingestion of fluoride
D. excessive ingestion of fluoride
why is sucrose the most caries inducing factor?
A. it is a dietary sugar added to drinks and thus reduces enamel solubility
B. it results in both, polysaccharide and acid production. All are highly cariogenic. All diffuse into plaque and are fermented to and other acids or can be stored as intracellular polysaccharide by bacteria
C. it inhibits colonization of bacteria on the tooth surface lactic bacteria.
D. it is incorporated into the enamel
B. it results in both, polysaccharide and acid production. All are highly cariogenic. All diffuse into plaque and are fermented to and other acids or can be stored as intracellular polysaccharide by bacteria
The pH level at which fluoride is not able to protect enamel against demineralization is:
A. 6.0
B. 5.8
C. 4.5
D. 5.5
C. 4.5
The optimum fluoride concentration in water for caries prevention is:
A. 0.5-1.0mg/l
B. 0.5-1.8mg/l
C. 0.8-1.3 mg/l
D. 0.8-1.5mg/l
A. 0.5-1.0mg/l
Choose the wrong answer:
A. F supplements have been identified as a risk factor for dental fluorosis
B. The pre-eruptive action of F is mainly its antibacterial effect (post eruptive)
C. pre-eruptive effect of F supplement is weak
D. For most people water and beverages provide 75% of their F intake
B. The pre-eruptive action of F is mainly its antibacterial effect (post eruptive)
The pre-eruptive effect of F can be due to the use of:
A. Toothpastes
B. Water consumption
C. Gels
D. Varnishes
E. Mouthrinses
B. Water consumption
Which of the following epidemiological studies describes the distribution of a disease?
A. A clinical trial
B. An intervention study
C. Cross-sectional survey
D. A case-control study
D. A case-control study
Which of the following epidemiological studies focus on analyzing a susceptible factor as a cause of disease?
A. cohort study
B. case report study
C. cross-sectional study
D. case series study
C. cross-sectional study
. In which of the following types of the study do we need a large number of people?
A. cohort study
B. case control study
C. cross sectional study
D. clinical trials
E. case report
A. cohort study
The Ramfjord teeth are:
A. 16.11.24.36.31.44
B. 27.21.24.37.41.44
C. 16.24.36.44
D. 16.21.36.41
A. 16.11.24.36.31.44
The main oral health aspect concerning elderly patients (>65 years old) is not:
A. loss of teeth D/E
B. advanced periodontal disease
C. root surface caries
D. malocclusion
E. hypoimmunity deficiency to infection
E. hypoimmunity deficiency to infection
In which age groups should we examine each population according to WHO instructions?
A. 5-6 years old, 12 years old, 35-44 years old, 65-74 years old
B. 3 years old, 15 years old, 18 years old, 40-50 years old
C. 5-6 years old, 15 years old, 30-40 years old, 60-74 years old
E. 3 years old, 12 years old, 25-34 years old, 65-74 years old
A. 5-6 years old, 12 years old, 35-44 years old, 65-74 years old
According to a WHO report (PetersenP.E.: world oral health report 2003. Community dentistry oral epidemiology, 2003, 31, 3-24) which of the following answers concerning smoking problems in the oral cavity is false?
A. tobacco causes a greater risk of caries
B. tobacco causes a greater risk of periodontal disease
C. tobacco delays healing of wounds in the oral cavity
D. diabetic patient, who smoke, are at greater risk of aggressive periodontal disease
E. tobacco smoking causes halitosis
A. tobacco causes a greater risk of caries
The reason for seeing gingivitis often in young adolescents is:
A. inadequate oral hygiene
B. increase of sex hormones
C. Immune deficiency
D. Answers A and B are correct
D. Answers A and B are correct
Which of the following strategies can we use in community dentistry to control or prevent illnesses and to gain long-term benefits?
A. high-risk approach
B. negative promotion designs
C. measuring the distribution of diseases
D. population approach
E. treatment planning
D. population approach
point to the correct WHO definition of health:
A. health is a state of mostly physical and mental well-being
B. health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing, along with the absence of disease or infirmity
C. health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity
D. health is a condition resulting from balance between the physical and psychological aspects of the organism
B. health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social wellbeing, along with the absence of disease or infirmity
Which measures of population health are most widely used?
A. positive measure
B. negative measure
C. relative measure
D. none of them
A. positive measure
Point to the drawback of epidemiological rates as a measure of health:
A. unavailability
B. out-of-date
C. inadequacy
D. inaccuracy
C. inadequacy
the influence of plant life (fauna) on population health is generally considered:
A. beneficial
B. of no importance
C. negative
D. extremely harmful
A. beneficial
The sociological definition of health (T. Parsons) is closely associated with:
A. age-structure
B. vulnerability to environmental stimuli
C. the ability to reproduce
D. fulfillment of social roles
D. fulfillment of social roles
During the 20th century, most developed countries life expectancy increased about 30 years. Which of the following was the most important factor behind the increase?
A. Social reforms (like wage and labor laws, housing codes, etc) and increase prosperity
A. New drugs (like penicillin)
B. The development of the modern hospital system
C. Migration from rural areas to cities
D. More exercise and smoking cessation
A. New drugs (like penicillin)
Citizens of other industrialized countries have longer life expectancies and better health than United States of America do because:
A. they spend more on medical care
B. they are more egalitarian
C. they smoke less
D. they eat better
E. they have universal health care coverage
B. they are more egalitarian
Physical inactivity and unhealthy eating are linked to :
A. premature death and disability, some types of cancer
B. stroke and heart disease
C. osteoporosis
D. type 2 diabetes
E. all of the above
E. all of the above
who came up with the term "sick (or patient) role"?
A. Talcott Parsons
B. Emile Durkheim
C. Karl marx
D. Max weber
A. Talcott Parsons
Medicalization
A. Removal of certain behaviors (eg. Homosexuality)from the list of mental disorders and the constitutionalization of mental health patient (mental patients who can survive on the outside and are not dangerous are mainstreamed into society)
B. The way in which symptoms are perceived, evaluated, and acted upon by a person who recognizes some pain, discomfort or other signs of organic malfunction
C. Increasing number of behaviors and condition are being interpreted in medical terms, Giving the medical profession increased powers in determining what is normal and desirable behavior
D. an expansion of alternative medical philosophies and clinical approaches that place primary responsibility for health on the individual rather than on the professional.
C. Increasing number of behaviors and condition are being interpreted in medical terms, Giving the medical profession increased powers in determining what is normal and desirable behavior
. Epidemiology principles can be applied for all of the following purposed EXCEPT:
A. to evaluate drug therapy
B. to determine a patients prognosis
C. to plan future health needs of the community
D. to help to establish a diagnosis
D. to help to establish a diagnosis
The most important biologic trait that determines what diseases an individual will contract is
A. sex
B. genetic predisposition
C. ethnic origin
D. age
B. genetic predisposition
Etiologic agents that cause disease can be detected by using the
A. incidence rate
B. prevalence rate
C. case-fatality rate
D. adjusted rate
A. incidence rate
Each of the following statement about retrospective case studies is true EXCEPT:
A. they are valuable in studying relatively rare disease
B. they care economical with regard to time and money
C. they can be readily done in hospital
D. they are particularly useful in studies of the etiology of disease with high sudden death rates
D. they are particularly useful in studies of the etiology of disease with high sudden death rates
Which of the following is the most sensitive measure of the health progress in developing countries?
A. infant mortality rate
B. communicable disease mortality rate
C. communicable disease case-fatality rate
D. age-specified death rate for persons over50 years of age
A. infant mortality rate
Which source of community water offers the highest sanitary quality?
A. Rain water
B. Run-of river
C. Ground water
D. None of the above
C. Ground water
. Viruses in water contaminants are generally?
A. less dangerous than bacteria
B. more dangerous than bacteria
C. of equal importance
D. viruses die in water instantly
B. more dangerous than bacteria
. Normal body mass is, when Body mass index (BMI) is in range:
A. 13.5-18.4
B. 18.5-24.9
C. 25.0-29.9
D. 35.0-39.9
B. 18.5-24.9
what % of daily caloric requirement should be covered by fat?
A. 15%
B. 20%
C. 30%
D. 45%
C. 30%
The most beneficial for cardiovascular system are such disciplines like, EXCEPT:
A. swimming
B. weight lifting
C. jogging
D. cycling
B. weight lifting
Which of the following examples is the most frequently used index for periodontal diseases in epidemiology?
A. PMA (Pappilary, marginal and attached gingival index)
B. CPITN (Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs)
C. GI (gingival index)
D. PI (Periodontal index)
E. OHS (simplified Oral Hygiene index)
B. CPITN (Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs)
What means a letter D in the index DMFT? (D-number of permanent with caries, M-number of permanent missing, Fnumber of filled permanent teeth and Tteeth) dmft (primary teeth)
A. D is depth of examined gingival pocket
B. D is amount of dental plaque on tooth surface
C. D is a dental parameter from oral hygiene index
D. D means number of decayed teeth in oral cavity
D. D means number of decayed teeth in oral cavity
What is a positive control in epidemiology?
A. The participants in the study are not aware whether they are in the test or control group
B. The results compare the effect of the new product with the effects of the old one
C. Participants and examiners do not know the group allocations
D. The test product is used without the active ingredient
B. The results compare the effect of the new product with the effects of the old one
During a periodontal examination gingival bleeding and mineralized plaque deposits have occurred. What number of CPITN index is the ... adequate for this patient?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5
B. 2
Choose the correct answer on a doubleblind study. It is introduced...
A. When a material or formulation similar to the test product does not contain an active ingredient
B. When neither participants nor examiners know the group allocations
C. When the participants of study do not know whether they are in the test group or control group
D. When a material or formulation similar to the test product contains less of the active ingredient
B. When neither participants nor examiners know the group allocations
Which of the following is the most intensive form of health education?
A. A television campaign
B. One to one instruction
C. A newspaper campaign
D. A school-based oral health education program
B. One to one instruction
Which of the following is false?
A. The principle of health promotion is to cure disease
B. The principle of health promotion is to involve the actions of ordinary people
C. The principle of health promotion is to encourage prevention rather than to cure disease
D. Health promotion principles require close cooperation between many different sectors of society
A. The principle of health promotion is to cure disease
Which of the following sentences is correct?
A. The use of pit and fissure sealants is an effective method of protecting occlusal surfaces from caries
B. The "Baby drink campaign" in the early 1990s in the UK led to a reduction in sale of sweetened baby drinks
C. The aim of health education is to influence behavioural changes in individuals in sale of sweetened baby drinks
D. All the answer are correct
D. All the answer are correct
Which of the following sentences is false?
a. One of the principles of health promotion is to involve the actions of lay people
b. The environment is an important determinant of health
c. Data on trends in oral health may include information about the morphology of dental lesions
d. Perception of oral health knowledge leads to preventive actions
c. Data on trends in oral health may include information about the morphology of dental lesions
Which disease is not considered as a public problem/ principle in dentistry?
A. Caries
B. Periodontal diseases
C. Dental trauma
D. Oral cancer
C. Dental trauma
Which of the etiological factors are common for oral diseases in aspect of public health?
A. Sugar in diet
B. Alcohol consumption
C. Smoking
D. Fluoride overdose from diet
E. Bacterial dental plaque (biofilm)
A/ a,b,c,d
B/ b,c,d,e
C/c,d,e
D/a,b,c,e
E/ all answers are correct
D/a,b,c,e
Which of the following function is not the main goal of the community dentistry?
A. Promoting fluoride supplements (tablets/ drops)
B. Regular collection of data on oral health status
C. Implementing scientific knowledge into the policy affecting the public health sector
D. Convincing and encouraging all entitles with favorable legal regulations
E. School-based programs and dental health education in each social group
A. Promoting fluoride supplements (tablets/ drops)
What is the main purpose of so called press finger technique:
A. To remove the excess of material from the occlusal surface
B. To shape and polish the surface of glass ionomer
C. to condensed ensure penetration of the cement into the pits and fissures
D. To rebuild the contact point of adjacent tooth
C. to condensed ensure penetration of the cement into the pits and fissures
What is a lethal dose of Fluoride for children?
A. 25g/kg body mass
B. 15g/kg body mass
C. 10g/kg body mass
D. 4-5g/kg body mass
E. 1-2g/kg body mass
- note: Lethal dose (adults): 5-10 grams
E. 1-2g/kg body mass
What is the management of a person with a fluoride overdose?
A. Including vomiting
B. Application of salt solutions intravenously
C. Including hypersalication e.g.pilocarpine
D. Inducting diarrhea
E. Consumption of calcium binding products
A. a, b
B. a, e
C. b, c
D. b, d
E. c, e
B. a, e
Which groups of children according to ADA are recognized as high risk groups for caries?
A/Children with orthodontic and / or prosthodontics appliances
B/ Children with reduced salivary function
C/ Children who are unable to clean their teeth properly
D/ Children with dietary risk
F. a,b,c.
G. a,c,d.
H. b,c,d.
I. c,d,e.
J. all of the above
J. all of the above
What is the role of CaF2 in all topical methods of caries prevention?
A. It is assumed to be a reservoir from which fluoride is released to the tooth
B. Disturbs release of fluoride ions
C. Decrees pH of dental plaque
D. It is present in saliva
A. It is assumed to be a reservoir from which fluoride is released to the tooth
In dental epidemiological surveys which age group is the most frequent examiners a golden standard?
A. 6 years old
B. 12 years old
C. 18 years old
D. 35 years old
B. 12 years old
What is a Hallo effect?
A. Effect if artificial water fluoridation in areas with limited oral health care
B. Import of food produced in fluoride area to not fluoridated regions increases the effect of systemic ingestion (e.g. artificially fluoride)
C. Effect of fluoride supplements in areas with limited oral health care
D. Effect of very low oral hygiene level on increased caries risk in population
B. Import of food produced in fluoride area to not fluoridated regions increases the effect of systemic ingestion (e.g. artificially fluoride)
When you decide to implement fluoride supplements, which criteria in reference to dosage are the most essential?
A. Type of fluoride supplement, fluoride concentration in drinking water
B. Fluoride concentration in drinking water, age of patient
C. Level of oral hygiene, limitations in oral care
D. Type of fluoride supplement, limitations in oral care
E. Fluoride concentration in drinking water, limitations in oral care
B. Fluoride concentration in drinking water, age of patient
What is the youngest age a child can be prescribed fluoride drops as a prevention method?
A. 3 months of age
B. 6 months of age
C. 12 months of age
D. 1.5 years
E. 2 years
B. 6 months of age
Please mark the correct answer. The most common dental problems in the elderly are?
A. Periodontal diseases, tooth wearing
B. Primary caries, aphthous lesions
C. Oral mucosa, dental erosion
D. Nothing above

Main health aspects of old age: - cancer - heart diseases - diabetes - infections - loss of teeth - advanced periodontal diseases
A. Periodontal diseases, tooth wearing
Which of the following supplies are needed obligatory for epidemiology for epidemiological dental examination in WHO surveys?
A/ mouth mirror
B/ Periodontal probe which confirms WHO specification
C/ caries probe which confirms WHO specification
D/artificial source of light or natural source of light in the room (window is needed)
E/ dental unit in office
A. A,b,c.
B. A,b,c,d.
C. C,d,e.
D. A,c,e.
E. All of above
?
What is index SCI Bratthall (Sweden)?
A. Example of treatment needs index for caries
B. Example of pit and fissure sealers index
C. 1/3 examined subjects with the highest score of DMFT index
D. Example of epidemiological index for teeth with only a caries process in initial stage
E. 1/4 examined subjects with the highest score of DMFT index
C. 1/3 examined subjects with the highest score of DMFT index
Please mark the correct answer. The most common dental problems among adolescents are:
A. Dry mouth, halitosis
B. Tooth loss, fatuous lesions
C. Caries, gingival inflammation
D. TMJ disorders, cancer of the floor of the mouth
C. Caries, gingival inflammation
. Dental examination of a teenager reveals: cracked and chipped teeth, recessed gums localized on the lingual surface of the lower and palatal surface of the upper incisors, loss of sensation in tongue. The reason for all three dental problems might be:
A. Orthodontic brackets
B. Protecting mouth guard
C. Tongue piercing
D. Excessive coca cola consumption
C. Tongue piercing
Which of the following disorders does not comply with the current definition of diability?
A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Muscular dystrophy
C. HIV positive status/ drug addicted person
D. Epilepsy
E. Hearing impairment
C. HIV positive status/ drug addicted person
What are the major causes of physical disabilities which require the patient to use a wheelchair?
A. Genetic
B. Infections
C. Tumors
D. Cardiovascular disease
D. Cardiovascular disease
Which statement is false according to dental procedures for mentally or physically disabled patients?
A. The first dental examination should be planned as fast as it is possible to diagnose the oral status
B. Constant monitoring of oral hygiene
C. Use topical methods as fluoridation in doses maximally to 500 ppm F
D. Seal occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars
C. Use topical methods as fluoridation in doses maximally to 500 ppm F
Which of the following oral care problems rarely occur among patients with disabilities?
a. Lack of oral hygiene
b. Cariogenic diet
c. Gingivitis
d. Erosion
e. Nothing above
d. Erosion
When you treat a patient with sight problems, which of the following statements are helpful as a guideline in dental office?
A. Prepare a path to the dental chair which is free of obstacles
B. Allow a guide dog to stay in the corner of the dental operator
C. Avoid pointing the light into the patient's eyes
D. It is not necessary to describe dental procedures during treatment
A/ a,b,c.
B/ a,c,d.
C/ b,c,d.
D/ all of above
A/ a,b,c.
. Which of the following considerations should dentists apply or remember the patient is affected with epilepsy?
A. Schedule appointments in the evening (short appointments in morning)
B. During the dental appointment several teeth can be cured
C. Patients with intellectual impairment and cerebral palsy are often suffering from epilepsy
D. The dentist should not apply any local anesthesia for patient with epilepsy
C. Patients with intellectual impairment and cerebral palsy are often suffering from epilepsy
. What area of the body is the most commonly injured in physical violence among children?
A. Crotch
B. Sides of the trunk
C. Eyes area
D. upper limb
E. Crania-facial region
E. Crania-facial region
What can you suspect if during oral examination of CHILD - the border of the soft and hard palate is changed, in the mucous membrane erythema and petechiae, ulcers are observed?
A. Cancer suspicion
B. Effect of defiance of vitamins
C. Physical violence
D. Aphthae
E. Sexual violence
E. Sexual violence
. At what age statistically the frequency of mechanical damages in craniofacial region due to physical violence is the greatest?
A. Under 5 year of age
B. Between 5 and 10 year of age
C. between 10 and 15 year of age
D. Above 15 year of age
A. Under 5 year of age
. In which body fluid the concentration of HBV is the highest?
A. Saliva
B. Urine
C. sweat
D. Blood
D. Blood
The most important biologic trait determining what kind of diseases an individual can contract is:
A. Sex
B. Sexual orientation
C. Geographic region
D. Age
D. Age
Point to the most characteristic feature of the universal model of health care (e.g. UK )
A. Extensive private sector
B. Efficient, accessible primary medical care
C. Highly decentralized
D. Most doctors are in private practice and paid through charges, and direct patient fees
B. Efficient, accessible primary medical care
. Medical epidemiology can be used to:
A. Establish causation
B. Evaluate the impact of treatment
C. Prevent the spread of diseases
D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Medical epidemiological chain is:
A. Group expression of an illness
B. Explanation of why periodic outbreaks of certain diseases occur
C. A unique combination of events resulting in disease
D. Determination of the frequency with which disease occurs
C. A unique combination of events resulting in disease
Medical sociology. Please mark the correct statement:
A. Social support contributes directly to wellbeing and positive health and that there beneficial effects in absence of stress
B. The study of health care as it is institutionalized in society, and of health, or illness, and its relationship to social factors
C. Views society as a system with interdependent parts that work together to produce relative stability
D. Employment outside the home has neither positive not negative consequences but it is dependent on particular factors
B. The study of health care as it is institutionalized in society, and of health, or illness, and its relationship to social factors
Compared to more advanced social classes - lower social groups have:
A. A higher proportion of teeth requiring treatment
B. A higher number of teeth missing due to caries
C. A lower of restored teeth
D. Proper oral hygiene
A/ a,b.
B/ a,c,d.
C/ b,c,d.
D/ a,b,c
D/ a,b,c
Which of the following patient's right is regarded the most important"
A. The right to medical information
B. The right to informed consent
C. The right to medical confidentiality
D. The conscience clause
B. The right to informed consent
Oral health surgery son adults with learning disabilities babe found some oral health needs more frequently needs more frequently than others. Which of the following problems occur frequently in people with learning disabilities?
A. Poor oral hygiene
B. Tobacco smoking C. Dental hypomineralisation D. Erosion E. Cervical caries
A. Poor oral hygiene
People with disabilities have general anaesthetic needs. What are the most frequent dental procedures performed during operation?
A. Bleaching teeth
B. Implants
C. hypersensitivity treatment
D. Extractions
E. X-ray pictures
D. Extractions
Why does trauma to teeth represent a greater risk for some people with learning and physical disabilities?
A. Because of epileptic seizures
B. Through falls
C. Dull to frequent accidents
D. All above are correct
D. All above are correct
disability (physical or intellectual) is considered to be long term when it has later at least:
A. 12 months
B. 18 months
C. 24 months
D. Until the end of childhood
A. 12 months
What statement is false according to dental procedures for mentally or physically disabled patients?
A. The first dental examination should be planned as fast as it is possible to diagnoses oral problems
B. Constant monitoring of oral hygiene is required
C. Application of sealants to occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars is advised
D. Longer time for dental visit needed
E. General anaesthesia is needed for all dental procedures
E. General anaesthesia is needed for all dental procedures
Which of the following sedation methods should be taken into consideration in children with intensive dental fear but the cooperative ones?
A. Relaxation techniques
B. Method: "say-show-do"
C. General anesthesia
D. Inhalation sedation
E. Rewarding a child
B. Method: "say-show-do"
One of the above mentioned sedation method can be used from age.... Please choose the correct answer:
A. > 1 year old
B. > 3 years old
C. > 5 years old
D. > 12 years old
E. > 15 years old
C. > 5 years old
Where is Fluoride finally deposited in human organism after arak intake?
A. In oral mucosa
B. In salivary glands
C. In blood
D. In all calcified tissues
D. In all calcified tissues
What is the first management of a person with an acute fluoride overdose?
A. Injection of protein solution intravenously
B. Injection of salt solutions intravenously e.g. NaCl
C. Inducing hyper salivation e.g. pilocarpine
D. Inducing diarrhea
E. Inducing vomiting
E. Inducing vomiting
When you have decided to implement fluoride supplements ( only tablets or drops ), which criteria in reference to dosage are the most essential
A. Period of the year
B. Fluoride concentration in drinking water
C. Age of patient
D. Collaboration with parents
A/a,b.
B/b,c.
C/c,d.
D/ all of above
B/b,c
Which of the following describes Preventive Resin Restoration (PRR)? PRR can be performed on the occlusal surfaces of molars and premolars, buccal fossa of lower molars, and palatal sulcus of upper molars. They are indicated in both temporary and permanent dentition. A PRR is indicated when the carious lesion in the pits and fissures is small and discrete and confined only to the enamel, or when the process has reached the dentin, but without pulpal involvement.
A. It is used in mixed dentition for first permanent teeth
B. It is used before first of all before orthodontic treatment
C. it is used first of all before periodontal treatment of adolescent patients
D. It is used first of all in the treatment of caries in primary dentition
E. It is used in all cases and there are not any specific indications
A. It is used in mixed dentition for first permanent teeth
What should be the toothpaste concentration of F (ppm) from the first tooth till age of six (6) among healthy children (not risk groups)?
A. 1350-1500 ppm F (increased risk)
B. 500 ppm F
C. 250 ppm F
D. 2800 ppm F
E. 1000 ppm F
B. 500 ppm F
Which fluoride concentration in mouthwashes is advised for daily use by adult patients?
A. Between 100-200 ppm F
B. Between 200-900 ppm F
C. Between 250-500 ppm F
D. Between 1000-1450ppm F
B. Between 200-900 ppm F
Which fluoride concentration in varnishes is used for professional prophylactic procedure in dental office?
A. Between 500-1000 ppm F
B. Between 1000-5000 ppm F
C. Between 5000-12000 ppm F
D. Between 1000-56300 ppm F
D. Between 1000-56300 ppm F
Which Fluoride concentration in gels/ mousses is used for professional prophylactic procedures in dental office?
A. Between 500-1450 ppm F
B. Between 1000-5000 ppm F
C. Between 5000-12500 ppm F
D. Between 12500-22500 ppm F
C. Between 5000-12500 ppm F
Please find proved connection between early childhood caries (ECC) and general health cited from Scottish Guidance:
A. Caries and adenoiditis
B. Caries and. peritonsillar abscess
C. Caries and respiratory tract infections
D. A and B are true
E. All the above are true
D. A and B are true
In the Scottish Guidance we can find instruction to place sealants in pits and anatomical fissures regardless of time... which of the following suggestion are included as important for consideration by dentists?
A. Serious child illness
B. Change of socio-economic status
C. Beginning of orthodontic treatment
D. Unfavorable configuration of pits
E. All of the above are correct
?
Results of epidemiology studies indicate that many oral diseases are determined directly by lifestyle factors... which of the following oral disease are mainly determined by this factor?
A. Dental caries
B. Dental erosion
C. Oral cancer
D. Burning mouth syndrome
A/a,b,c.
B/b,c,d.
C/a,c,d.
D/all of the above
A/a,b,c
During a periodontal examination in sextant 16-17 gingival bleeding has occurred. What number of CPITN are the most adequate for this sign?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 0
A. 1
During a periodontal examination in sextant 43-33 a depth of gingival pocket was 1- 1.5mm and no other....were detected. What number of CPITN index is the most adequate for this place in oral cavity?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 0
E. 0
Choose the false statement:
A. Examples of health promotion tools are: street campaigns, free of charge consultations
B. The best time for health education is period of childhood and adolescence
C. Examples of health promotion tools are lectures
D. Population approach strategy is more powerful than other strategies used in public health
E. High risk approach strategy is more powerful than other strategies used in public health
E. High risk approach strategy is more powerful than other strategies used in public health
La Londe described in % the main reasons of human diseases. Which of the following 50% is correct?
A. 50% lack of dental care
B. 50% lack of medical care
C. 50% genetic background
D. 50%life style
D. 50%life style
What are the possible modification of ART (atraumative restorative technique)?
A. Using a drill to remove old restoration
B. Using a drill to open the cavity
C. Using a drill to clean the cavity from carious lesions
D. A and B
E. B and C
B. Using a drill to open the cavity
Which statement is false?
A. ART can be performed in every setting
B. ART is a part of MID
C. ART concept includes application of chlorhexidine
D. Free finger technique is included in ART approach
C. ART concept includes application of chlorhexidine
In ART method hand excavators are required, please choose which parts of dental procedure they are able to perform?
A. Removing enamel
B. Removing infected dentine
C. Excavating caries
D. Preparing restorative
E. Removing tartar
A/a,b.
B/b,c.
C/c,d.
D/d,e.
E/ all of the above
B/b,c.
After trimming glass-ionomer cement (during last part of setting) what kind of material must be used ?
A. Primer
B. Conditioner
C. Varnish material
D. Etch gel
C. Varnish material
Which statement is false?
A. ART method requires glassionomer to fill cavity (liquid and powder)
B. ART method requires glassionomer to fill cavity (in capsules)
C. ART method requires glassionomer modified by resin
D. ART method requires composite
A/ a,b.
B/b,c.
C/c,d.
D/all of the above
C/c,d.
In which age of patient ART method is recommended for excavating caries?
A. 0-6
B. 5-18
C. 0-18
D. All children and adults
D. All children and adults
Which of the following compounds are not recommended to replenish mineral loss of dental tissues, due to acidic demineralization?
A. Stannous fluoride
B. eucalyptus
C. CPP-ACP
D. NaF
E. Magnesium oxide
A/b,c.
B/b,e.
C/c,d.
D/d,e.
E/b,d.
F/a,b.
B/b,e.
Which of the following statements on sucrose are false?
A. Sucrose is one of the common ingredients of toothpastes
B. Sucrose is highly cariogenic
C. Sucrose is fermentable carbohydrate
D. Sucrose diffuses into plaque and gives energy to bacteria
A. Sucrose is one of the common ingredients of toothpastes
Which of the following statement on xylitol is true?
A. Xylitol is non-fermentable sugar supplement
B. Xylitol enhances microbial production in dental plaque
C. Xylitol is highly cariogenic
D. Xylitol decreases pH level in dental plaque
...
In which following dental products you can find xylitol?
A. Toothpastes
B. Glass-ionomer cements modified by resin
C. Glass-ionomer cements
D. Caries detector dyes
E. Conditioners
A. Toothpastes
Arginine, Enamelon, Novamin, Recaldent are examples of...?
A. Preventive materials which contain peptides, calcium and phosphate ions to enhance remineralization
B. Glass-ionomer cements
C. Caries detector dyes
D. Pit and fissure sealants
A. Preventive materials which contain peptides, calcium and phosphate ions to enhance remineralization
Please mark the correct answer, the most common dental problems in the elderly are?
A. periodontal diseases. Tooth loss
B. Dental trauma, apthtous lesions
C. Enamel hypoplasia, dental erosion
D...Nothing above
A. periodontal diseases. Tooth loss
Please mark the correct answer. The most common dental problems among young adolescents are:
A. Dry mouth, burning mouth syndrome
B. Tooth loss, afthous lesions
C. Caries, poor oral hygiene
D. TMJ disorders, halitosis
C. Caries, poor oral hygiene
What should be included in dental documentation when child abuse is suspected?
A. Pictures
B. Description of hard and soft tissues examination results
C. Description of accident based on obtained history from witness
D. A and B
E. All of above
E. All of above
Which was the greatest latter-day triumph for Public Health worldwide? The eradication of:
A. tuberculosis
B. Small-pox
C. Malaria
D. Measles
B. Small-pox
Has poliomyelitis been:
A. Eradicated
B. Is still present in approx. 45 countries
C. Is still present in approx. 15 countries (in 3 endemic)
D. No such disease exists
C. Is still present in approx. 15 countries (in 3 endemic)
Functional barrier to medical services is first of all associated with:
A. The provider
B. The patient
C. A+B
D. None of them
A. The provider
The Framingham Triad comprises:
A. Arterial hypertension, obesity, diabetes mellitus
B. Material hypertension, high cholesterol, tobacco smoking
C. Diabetes mellitus, high cholesterol, tobacco smoking
D. Arterial hypertension, obesity, tobacco smoking
D. Arterial hypertension, obesity, tobacco smoking
Logan's theory concerns:
A. Good nutrition
B. Enhanced immunity
C. Safe environment
D. Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
D. Primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
Sexually transmitted diseases prevalence worldwide is
A. Unknown
B. Decreasing
C. Rapidly increasing
D. Stable
C. Rapidly increasing
Teenage pregnancies are chiefly the result of:
A. inappropriate diet
B. Inadequate use of condoms
C. Poor sex education
D. Power cuts
C. Poor sex education
The main task of the World Health Assembly (W.H.A) is to:
A. Have a deciding voice in shaping WHO policies
B. Implement the Executive Board' recommendations
C. Organize elections of Director General only
D. None of the above
A. Have a deciding voice in shaping WHO policies
All stress is bad for you A. True B. False
B. False
.La londe's Health Field Concept identified four determinants of individual health:
A. Disease, illness, sickness, disorder
B. Family, friends, work, doctors
C. Genes,, anatomy, physiology, medications
D. Human biology, environment, lifestyle, health care organization
D. Human biology, environment, lifestyle, health care organization
What are the most common signs of physical abuse in small children?
a. Fractures
b. Skin injuries
c. TMJ trauma
d. Spine disorders e. Aphtae
a. Fractures
What are the obligations when a physician or dentist is called as a witness in a civil or criminal procedure?
a. Obligation to be present in court
b. Obligation to testify, unless the civil or criminal case involves your family
c. Maintenance of medical confidentiality on the condition that it was sustained by the authorities (prosecutor, court)
d. Obligation to testify the truth
a/ a,b,c
b/b, c, d
c/c,d
d/a, c, d
e/all above are correct
e/all above are correct
What type of data could be used by lawyers in the court, collected earlier by physician/dentist in case of suspected child abuse?
a. A description of the medical examination
b. A description of the interview conducted
c. Photo documentation
d. X-ray documentation
A, b, c
A, b, c, d
B, c, d
A, b
All of the above are required
All of the above are required
What is a Hall Technique?
a. This technique is used for carious primary molars which are restored with stainless-steel crown without car...
b. In this technique caries removal takes place and tooth is prepared for stainless-steel crown
c. Is a conventional technique in which laser detector is used before preparation of dental carious tissues
d. In this technique fissure sealants must be placed for carious primary molars which maintain a barrier between... and oral cavity
a. This technique is used for carious primary molars which are restored with stainless-steel crown without car...
In which of the following oral regions is the worst prognosis for cure due to cancer?
a. Lips
b. Throat
c. Metastasis from other regions
d. Oral mucosa
e. Calcified tissues
c. Metastasis from other regions
What is the ratio men:women in oral cancer statistics? a. 1:1 b. 1:2 c. 2:1 d. 3:1 e. 4:1
e. 4:1
Find full definition of ICDAS score?
a. distinct cavity with visible dentin
b. localized enamel breakdown with no visible dentin
c. visual changes in enamel are extended out of pit and fissures
d. any definition fulfilled ICDAS score 5
e. discoloration of enamel in DRY conditions
?
Which of the following compounds are not recommended for replenish mineral loss of dental tissues, due to acidic demineralization? a. ... b. .... c. Chalk d. Glassionomers e. ,,,,
??
The polish act on Counteraction of Domestic Violence defines domestic violence as:
a. A repetitive international action or nonfeasance that violates the rights or personal goods of family members
b. A repetitive international action that violates the rights or personal goods of family members
c. A single or repetitive international action or nonfeasance that violates the rights or personal goods.
a. A repetitive international action or nonfeasance that violates the rights or personal goods of family members
Domestic violence
a. Is always a crime under Polish law
b. Can be sometimes qualified as a crime
c. Can be qualified as a crime, but only if it concerns children
a. Is always a crime under Polish law
Under polish Law, when a doctor/dentist has reliable information concerning acts of domestic violence
a. He/she has a legal obligation to inform proper authorities if the act in question constitutes a crime
b. He/she only has a moral obligation to inform proper authorities
c. He/she should not take any action as it would lead to a violation of doctor-patient confidentially
b. He/she only has a moral obligation to inform proper authorities
What should be included in dental documentation when child abuse is suspected?
a. Pictures
b. Description of hard and soft tissue examination results
c. Description of accident based on obtained history from witness
d. A and B
e. All above
e. All above
Therapeutic challenge for the dentist, due to typical symptoms in this disease, is present in:
a. Trigeminal neuralgia
b. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
c. Huntington's disease
d. Eagle syndrome
a. Trigeminal neuralgia
What kind of new trends in varnish structure and properties are observed up to date?
a. Incorporation of alcohol ingredients
b. New colors
c. Miniaturtzation of particles up to nanosize
d. Incorporation of calcium and phosphates
i. A,b
ii. B,c
iii. C,d
iv. A,c
v. B,d
?
Please find proved connection between caries and general health:
a. Caries and eating disorder
b. Caries and xerostomia c.
Caries and asthma
d. A and B are true
e. All the above are true
d. A and B are true
High caries risk is correlated to some health conditions. Which of the following suggestions are included as important for consideration by dentists?
a. Serious permanent child illness
b. Change socio-economic status
c. Beginning of orthodontic treatment
d. Unfavorable configuration of pits
e. All the above are correct
e. All the above are correct
During a hard tissue examination in teeth 44-45 a white discoloration in enamel visible in wet and dry condition on occlusal surface were detected, visual changes in enamel are wider than size of fissure/pits. No breakdown or any cavitation of enamel were detected. What number of ICDAS index (for caries stadium) is the most adequate for this examination of the occlusal surfaces? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 e. 5
b. 2
Which of the following agents are recommended for both enamel remineralization and teeth hypersensitivity?
a. Chlorhexidine
b. Eucalyptus
c. Novamin
d. Composite material
e. Xylitol
c. Novamin
One of the enamel remineralization agents is based on milk peptides, please find this one?
a. Cervitec
b. Novamin
c. Protector
d. Arginine
e. Recaldent
e. Recaldent
Up to date an enamel remineralization agents are generally based on 3 chemical systems, which of the following answer give a correct list?
a. Xylitol, sorbitol, maltose
b. Chlorhexidine, abrasive agents, chloride of cethylpiridyne
c. Calcium-phosphate systems, hydroxyapatites, fluoride
d. Fluorides, vitamin D compounds, calcium hydroxy compound
e. Fluorides, lauro-sodium compounds, menthol
c. Calcium-phosphate systems, hydroxyapatites, fluoride
In topical methods of caries prevention there are some limits in use of F for teeth remineralization, please find correct answer - which are these limitations?
a. Age of patient
b. Dose and F concentration plateau
c. Frequency of application
d. Salivary flow
e. All ans are correct
e. All ans are correct
Which of the following conditions have to be fullfilled for effective teeth remineralization? Find correct answer
1. caries stadium without breakdown of enamel
2. regular application on teeth
3. salivary aid in mineral transfer
4. all ans. are correct
4. all ans. are correct
Which of the etiological factors are common for oral diseases in aspect of public health?
a. Sugar in diet
b. Alcohol consumption
c. Tobacco
d. Poor Oral Hygiene
e. Dental Plaque i. a,b,c,d ii. b,c,d iii. c,d,e iv. b,c,e v. all answers are correct
v. all answers are correct
Which of the following compounds are not recommended to replenish mineral loss of dental tissues, due to acidic demineralization?
a. nanohydroxiapatite
b. eucatyptus
c. CPP-ACP
d. NaF
i. A,b ii. B iii. C,d iv. D v. B,d
ii. B
Which of the following statements on sucrose are false?
1. sucrose makes a sweet taste of toothpastes
2. sucrose is highly cariogenic
3. sucrose is fermentable carbohydrate
4. sucrose diffuses into plaque and gives energy to bacteriae
1. sucrose makes a sweet taste of toothpastes
Which was the greatest latter-day triumph for Public Health worldwide? The eradication of:
a. tuberculosis
b. small-pox
c. malaria
d. measles
b. small-pox
Community medicine is a branch of medicine dealing with:
1. Health care issues affecting communities as a whole
2. Health care issues understood as a single entity danger
3. Infectious diseases attributed to Mycoplasma pneumoniae
4. The widespread use of vitamin supplementation
1. Health care issues affecting communities as a whole
In prostate cancer screening, a useful test would be: 1. TSH 2. PSA 3. PTH 4. Ca19.9
2. PSA
In diabetes mellitus screening, a useful test would be: 1. Fasting glycaemia 2. Oral glucose tolerance test 3. HbA1c 4. After-meal glycaemia
1. Fasting glycaemia
Rare diseases altogether affect:
1. 0.01-0.1% of general population
2. 0.5-5% of general population
3. 6-8% of general population
4. 12.5% of general population
2. 0.5-5% of general population
Rare disease is defined by a prevalence value:
a. Less than 1 per 10,000 inhabitants
b. Less than 5 per 10,000 inhabitants
c. Less than 5 per 100,000 inhabitants
d. Less than 1 per 100,000 inhabitants
b. Less than 5 per 10,000 inhabitants
Not true about trigeminal neuralgia is:
a. It can be misdiagas a toothache
b. It can be triggered by light touch in any area innervated by the trigeminal nerve
c. It is common dental disease
d. Usually it occurs in parpeysms, with each pain lasting from a few seconds to several minutes
c. It is common dental disease
Community medicine is synonymous with:
1. Internal medicine
2. Preventative and special medicine
3. Vaccination medicine
4. Epidemiology
2. Preventative and special medicine
The strength of the Needs/Impact- Based Planning model is that it does not:
a. Consider value
b. Provide a logical and systematic way to make planning
c. Include determinations of health
d. Include both new personal skills and available resources needed to perform a behaviour
a. Consider value
Which of the following techniques we consider as a novel methods of caries removal?
1. chemomechanical carisolv
2. air abrasion
3. sono abrasion
4. polymer rotary burs "smartprep"
5. laser i. A,B,C ii. A,C,D iii. B,C, D iv. C,D,E v. All above
v. All above
The lasers which have been used in caries removal and cavcity preparation are based mainly on:
A. Aurum
B. Stainless steel alloy
C. Fluoride
D. Calcium
E. Erbium
E. Erbium
What is the main reason that ART technique is part of MID?
A. Using hand instruments
B. Saving as much sound tooth structure are possible
C. No electricity required
D. Using glass ionomer as a material of choice
F. None of the above
B. Saving as much sound tooth structure are possible
The concept of ART include:
A. use Using hand instruments
B. Placing filling into the cavity and adjoining pits and fissures
C. Using bur to gain the proper access to the cavity
D. AandB
E. AandC
D. AandB
What was the first main reason that ART technique was established?
1. To treat children with mental retardaiton
2. To treat elderly people in care homes
3. To treat people in refugee camps
4. To treat people staying in hospitals
5. None of the above
3. To treat people in refugee camps
Which set of instruments is necessary to perform ART technique? 1. Dental chisel, excavator, dental mirror, carver/applier 2. Dental chisel, excavators, reamer, dental mirror 3. Dental chisel, excavators, plugger, carver 4. Dental chisel, excavators periodontal probe, carver/applier 5. None of the above
1. Dental chisel, excavator, dental mirror, carver/applier
So called press finger technique is used for:
A. Placing composites in the cavity and adjoining pits and fissures
B. Pressing the top layer of glass ionomer into both the cavity and adjoining pits and fissures
C. Placing varnish on the surface of the glass ionomer
D. Pressing the top layer of glass ionomer and layer of composite during sandwich restoration
E. None of the above
B. Pressing the top layer of glass ionomer into both the cavity and adjoining pits and fissures
What is lethal dose of fluoride in adults? A. 25 g B. 15 g C. 10 g D. 4-5 g E. 1-2 g
D. 4-5 g
Which of the chemical compounds are the sources of fluorides in toothpaste and an active anti-caries ingredients? A. SMFP, Na2FPO3 B. NaF C. AmF D. MgF2 E. AlF3
a. ABC
b. ABCE
c. BCD
d. BCDE
e. All above
b. ABCE
Which of the chemical compounds have antimicrobial properties? 1. Chlorhexidine 2. MgF2 3. SnF2 4. Cetylpyridinium chloride 5. AmF
1. Chlorhexidine
To which surface fluoride has the greatest penetration after topical application? 1. Pits and fissures 2. Smooth and proximal surfaces 3. Existing and dental restorations 4. Root and surfaces of teeth
2. Smooth and proximal surfaces
Which of the following statements on xylitol is true?
1. Xylitol is highly cariogenic
2. Xylitol enhances microbial production in dental plaque
3. Xylitol not metabolized to acids by the microorganisms
4. Xylitol Decreases ph level in dental plaque
3. Xylitol not metabolized to acids by the microorganisms
Which dietary recommendations are helpful in maintaining oral hygiene anticaries effect?
A. Eating rarely and big portions
B. Stimulation of rapid salivary flow by mechanical and gustatory stimuli
C. Mouthrinse with water speeds up clearance and neutralisation of dental plaque
D. Estimation of number of meals containing fermentable carbohydrates i. ABC ii. ACD iii. BCD iv. All above
iv. All above
One of the preventive caries options in pit & fissure sealing. What are the general rules in patient selection?
a. Children with special needs
b. Children with extensive caries in their primary teeth (sealing of permanent molars)
c. Children with caries free primary teeth do notneed to have first permanent molars sealed but should be mentioned
d. Sealing should be done as soon as the tooth erupts, sufficiently to permit moisture control
i. ABC ii. ACD iii. BCD iv. All above
iv. All above
What is a primary prevention in dentistry?
A. Primary prevention includes those measures which prevents development of the clinical signs of caries in the absence of disease
B. Primary prevention includes treatment of disease at early stage
C. Primary prevention should arrest or reverse the disease process
D. Primary prevention should replace damaged tissues
A. Primary prevention includes those measures which prevents development of the clinical signs of caries in the absence of disease
What does cost-benefit analysis mean?
A. It provides a way of assess whether the benefits are worth the cost
B. It is a comparison of the costs of alternative health programs
C. It allows the use of variety of health effects measures
D. The results of cost-benefits analysis are reported as a cost per service
A. It provides a way of assess whether the benefits are worth the cost
Which sentence does not describe oral health promotion principle and approaches:
a. Encouraging curing rather than preventing a disease
b. Promoting healthy lifestyle
c. Removing health hazards
d. Enabling people to make healthier choices
a. Encouraging curing rather than preventing a disease
What kinds of changes occurred in human diet between 70s and 2000s? Find the most important from caries point of view?
a. none above
b. people started to prepare meals at home, place of living
c. generally hidden dietary sugar increased
d. people started to drink more water e. people started to drink more alcohol drinks
c. generally hidden dietary sugar increased
In economics a tobacco consumption is decreasing in developed countries but we can observe a new trend where/when people begin smoking habit, find an example of new target of tobacco industry (find correct answer)
a. young women
b. young men
c. middle -age women
d. non above e. elderly women
a. young women
Which of the following methods is noninvasive prophylaxis against caries in time of teeth eruption? a. Pit & fissure sealing of teeth b. orthodontic treatment c. non above d. scaling of teeth surfaces e. teeth whitening
a. Pit & fissure sealing of teeth
Poland is an example of country which is not coping with childrens' oral health in age of: a. 15 yrs old b. 12 yrs old c. 10 yrs old d. 2 yrs ild e. 6 yrs old
e. 6 yrs old
Which of the following life areas are not important according to oral health maintenance (established by WHO)? a. use of fluoride b. fungi diseases c. school education and oral health promotion d. ageing of world generation e. general health status
b. fungi diseases
Novel "caries - dysbiosis hypothesis" is based on one important factor which influences caries development, find one = the most crucial: a. smoking cigarretes b. drinking carbonated beverages c. bacteria colonization d. a lack of fluoride in daily oral hygiene e. changes in diet
c. bacteria colonization
Among which following general diseases could you suspect a low salivation in oral cavity?
among babies after early delivery of birth
asthma
Crohn's disease
ostheoporosis
ADHD children
asthma
Which information may help for establishing a socioeconomic status? a. to determine an oral hygiene habits b. high caries prevalence in family c. to determine an insurance funding d. geographic area of living e. to determine a genetic disorder in family
b. high caries prevalence in family
Next dental visit for patient with caries activity and poor oral hygiene has to be appointed: a. 3 months b. 6 months c. 1 year later d. non above e. after 2-3 weeks
e. after 2-3 weeks
According to fluoride exposure when do you assess patient to caries risk group? a. uses F daily dental floss b. when teeth brushing is < 2x day c. when teeth brushing is > 2x day d. uses additional calcium/phosphate dentifrices e. uses F daily mouthrinses
b. when teeth brushing is < 2x day
To establish percentage of dental plaque on teeth surfaces which of the following dental indexes could you use? a. PCR b. ICDAS c. DMFT d. CPITN e. D.SCI
a. PCR
WHO established several paradigms according to dental/oral diseases, find a correct statement: a. oral diseases are irreversible or reversible b. none of them is true c. major oral disease is dentine hypersensitivity d. in age of 18 years it is practical to examine and establish an oral status of children for their oral health status in future e. in age of 10 years it is practical to examine and establish an oral status of children for their oral health status in future
a. oral diseases are irreversible or reversible
If you would like to start a discussion why young adolescent patient should not smoke cigarettes, which of the following side effects of tobacco could convince the person to give up this unhealthy habit? a. permanent halitosis b. risk of gingival inflammation c. infertility d. risk of periodontal disease e. delayed wound healing
a. permanent halitosis
find full definition of ICDAS score 5? a. Visual change in enamel are extended out of pit and fissures b. Localized enamel breakdown with no visible dentin c. Distinct cavity with visible dentin d. Discoloration of enamel in dry conditions e. Any definition fulfilled ICDAS score 5
c. Distinct cavity with visible dentin
Students also viewed