Complete hydatidiform mole
SETS
1. Cystic swelling of chorionic villi…
Complete mole
Partial mole
PROMD... - paternal age >45y... - race... - OB h…
Histological features of H mole
Type of H mole that results from fertilization of an egg that…
Type of H mole that results from fertilization of an egg with…
Risk factors for H mole
1. Cystic swelling of chorionic villi…
Histological features of H mole
Complete mole
Type of H mole that results from fertilization of an egg that…
hydatidiform mole
hydatidiform mole appearance
hydatidiform mole clincial finding
hydatidifrom mole sono findings
relatively rare condition... tissue around fertilized egg, which…
grapelike mass inside uterus
+ pregnancy test... grossly elevated hCG levels... hyperemesis gravi…
Filling of endo cavity with echogenic mostly homogenous materi…
hydatidiform mole
relatively rare condition... tissue around fertilized egg, which…
hydatidiform mole appearance
grapelike mass inside uterus
Molar pregnancy
Complete hydatidiform mole
tampakkan mikroskopis CHM
Partial hydatidiform mole
also known as gestational trophoblastic disease; abnormal prol…
risk for choriocarcinoma, kromosom maternal hilang sehingga kr…
molar komplit membesar, villi edematous, proliferasi prophobla…
69XXX, 69XXY, yang jarang 69XYY, defective fetal development... -…
Molar pregnancy
also known as gestational trophoblastic disease; abnormal prol…
Complete hydatidiform mole
risk for choriocarcinoma, kromosom maternal hilang sehingga kr…
Complete mole
Complete mole
Complete mole
Complete mole
Empty ovum (ovum has lost all its chromosomes), plus... 2 sperm o…
46 chromosomes, 2 sperm or single diploid sperm
46XX or 46XY
Fetal parts absent --> No fetal parts seen (embryo dies early)…
Complete mole
Empty ovum (ovum has lost all its chromosomes), plus... 2 sperm o…
Complete mole
46 chromosomes, 2 sperm or single diploid sperm
Primer‐directed in vitro enzymatic reac…
What MUST be used as a template for *…
What would one do for PCR if starting…
Deoxynucleotide Triphosphates (dNTPs):
Polymerase Chain Reaction
∙ DNAA* [ds or ss]... ∙ Should be as high quality/molecular weig…
Convert RNA → DNA by the use of Reverse Transcriptase
∙ Building blocks for the reaction... ∙ Same as what is used in…
Primer‐directed in vitro enzymatic reac…
Polymerase Chain Reaction
What MUST be used as a template for *…
∙ DNAA* [ds or ss]... ∙ Should be as high quality/molecular weig…
Types of Mutations:
Genomic Mutations:
Chromosomal Mutations:
Gene Mutations:
∙ Genomic... ∙ Chromosomal... ∙ Gene
∙ Abnormal chromosome number = Aneuploidyy* [*Monosomy or Po…
∙ Abnormal chromosome structuree*:... - *Deletions, gains, amplif…
∙ DNA sequence changes in specific genes:... - Point mutations (o…
Types of Mutations:
∙ Genomic... ∙ Chromosomal... ∙ Gene
Genomic Mutations:
∙ Abnormal chromosome number = Aneuploidyy* [*Monosomy or Po…
A Hydatidform Mole (molar pregnancy or…
The etiology of a Mole is
Risk factors for a hydatidform mole inc…
Classifications of a Mole include
A growth of placental trophoblast in which chorionic villi dev…
unknown
-Previous molar pregnancy... -Early teen pregnancy... -AMA > 40 year…
Complete and partial
A Hydatidform Mole (molar pregnancy or…
A growth of placental trophoblast in which chorionic villi dev…
The etiology of a Mole is
unknown
What is a hydatidiform mole?
A hydatidiform mole is also known as a:
What are the risk factors for a hydatid…
A hydatidiform mole can be classified a…
growth of the placental trophoblast in which chorionic villi d…
molar pregnancy or mole... (occurs in 1:1000 pregnancies)
-previous molar pregnancy... -early teen pregnancy... -AMA > 40 ye…
complete; partial
What is a hydatidiform mole?
growth of the placental trophoblast in which chorionic villi d…
A hydatidiform mole is also known as a:
molar pregnancy or mole... (occurs in 1:1000 pregnancies)
What is a hydatidiform mole also called?
What is a hydatidiform mole?
What type of mole is also included in G…
What is an invasive mole?
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease - GTD
Benign rapid growth of the placental trophoblasts in which the…
Invasive mole
type of neoplasia that grows into the muscular wall of the ute…
What is a hydatidiform mole also called?
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease - GTD
What is a hydatidiform mole?
Benign rapid growth of the placental trophoblasts in which the…
hydatidiform mole(molar pregnancy)
Etiology hydatidiform mole
when are women at higher risk for hydat…
what percent of cases of complete mole…
gestational trophoblastic disease. Comes in two distinct types…
-occurs in 1 of 1500-2000 pregnancies in US... -higher incidence…
if they have undergone ovulation stimulation with clomiphene(C…
20%
hydatidiform mole(molar pregnancy)
gestational trophoblastic disease. Comes in two distinct types…
Etiology hydatidiform mole
-occurs in 1 of 1500-2000 pregnancies in US... -higher incidence…
HLA are the gene products of?
HLA are the major proteins responsibl…
How can we markedly improve engraftment…
MHC is located on which chromosome?
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
Rejection of transplanted organs, tissues and cells.
∙ More perfect of a match ... ∙ Use of immunosuppressants
Chromosome 6... [In RED]
HLA are the gene products of?
Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC)
HLA are the major proteins responsibl…
Rejection of transplanted organs, tissues and cells.
What is a hydatidiform mole?
why does hemorrage occur?
why is uterus larger than usual?
what causes the mole?
gestational trophoblastic disease... benign proliferative growth…
maternal blood has no placenta to receive it
vesicles grow rapidly
can be from egg with no nucleus or from two sperm fertilizing…
What is a hydatidiform mole?
gestational trophoblastic disease... benign proliferative growth…
why does hemorrage occur?
maternal blood has no placenta to receive it
hydatidiform mole
trophoblast(s)
much higher
much larger
abnormal conception characterized by swollen and edematous vil…
in a hydatidiform mole there are swollen and edematous villi w…
beta hCG in a hydatidiform molar pregnancy compared to a norma…
size of uterus in a hydatidiform molar pregnancy compared to a…
hydatidiform mole
abnormal conception characterized by swollen and edematous vil…
trophoblast(s)
in a hydatidiform mole there are swollen and edematous villi w…
Specimen Collection for Microorganisms:
What must one always avoid* during spec…
PCR and other amplification methods are…
Positive control contains:
∙ Avoid contaminationn*.... ∙ Preserve viability/nucleic acid in…
Contamination
Controls
DNA prepared from the same site and contains the organism of…
Specimen Collection for Microorganisms:
∙ Avoid contaminationn*.... ∙ Preserve viability/nucleic acid in…
What must one always avoid* during spec…
Contamination
Definition of hydatidiform moles
Complete hydatidiform moles
Partial hydatidiform moles
Signs and symptoms
Chromosomally abnormal pregnancies that have the potential to…
Have a 46XX or 46 XY karotype that is derived entirely from pa…
Karotype 69XXX or 69XXy and contains both maternal and paterna…
Missed periods/positive pregnancy test ... Vaginal bleeding ... Abno…
Definition of hydatidiform moles
Chromosomally abnormal pregnancies that have the potential to…
Complete hydatidiform moles
Have a 46XX or 46 XY karotype that is derived entirely from pa…
What can an amount of substance be meas…
What is a mole?
What does a mole of things contain?
Why is the value of the mole set? And w…
The amount of substance is measured using a unit called a mole…
A mole is simply a massive number of particles.
A mole of things contain 6.02 x 10[23] things
The value of the mole is set so that a mole of carbon -12 atom…
What can an amount of substance be meas…
The amount of substance is measured using a unit called a mole…
What is a mole?
A mole is simply a massive number of particles.
Oncogenes:... [In RED]
Tumor suppressors: ... [In RED]
Driver 'mutations': ... [In RED]
Actionable mutations:... [In RED]
∙ *Genes that normally promote cell division or... cell survival*…
∙ Genes that normally arrest cell divisionn*.... ∙ Tumor-suppres…
∙ *Genetic alteration that occurs to a cell that is sufficient…
∙ *Mutations that occur in specific genes that lead to 'action…
Oncogenes:... [In RED]
∙ *Genes that normally promote cell division or... cell survival*…
Tumor suppressors: ... [In RED]
∙ Genes that normally arrest cell divisionn*.... ∙ Tumor-suppres…
About
Epidemiology
Pathophysiology
Clinical
Gestational trophoblastic disease... ... Abnormal chorionic villi (…
Estimated rate of hydatidiform moles is 7.5 per 10,000 pregnan…
Partial hydatidiform mole results from the fertilization of a…
Can present with missed or spontaneous abortion... Other symptom…
About
Gestational trophoblastic disease... ... Abnormal chorionic villi (…
Epidemiology
Estimated rate of hydatidiform moles is 7.5 per 10,000 pregnan…
Methods for DNA Quantification:
Types of UV Light Spectroscopy:
Absorbance spectroscopy =
Fluorescence spectroscopy =
∙ UV spectroscopy... ∙ Fluorometry... ∙ Gel electrophoresis
∙ Absorbance spectroscopy ... ∙ Fluorescence spectroscopy
The goal is to measure the light of a specific wavelength *a…
Goal is to measure the light emitted from an analyte (fluo…
Methods for DNA Quantification:
∙ UV spectroscopy... ∙ Fluorometry... ∙ Gel electrophoresis
Types of UV Light Spectroscopy:
∙ Absorbance spectroscopy ... ∙ Fluorescence spectroscopy
What is DNA Sequencing?
DNA Sequencing Methods used in the Clin…
Sanger Sequencing is also called:
General Sequencing Procedure:
Technique use to determine the exact order/sequence of nucleot…
∙ Sanger chain termination sequencing... ∙ Pyrosequencing... ∙ Nex…
Chain Termination Sequencing
1. Isolate Genomic DNA... 2. Perform PCR for the region of inter…
What is DNA Sequencing?
Technique use to determine the exact order/sequence of nucleot…
DNA Sequencing Methods used in the Clin…
∙ Sanger chain termination sequencing... ∙ Pyrosequencing... ∙ Nex…
Pathphysiology
what do they look like
Does it have the fetus involved
How does this pregnancy start?
-benign neoplasm, can turn malignant
grape-like clusters of vesicles
-no fetus involved
uterus enlarges too fast
Pathphysiology
-benign neoplasm, can turn malignant
what do they look like
grape-like clusters of vesicles
atomic mass
atomic mass unit
molecular mass
mole (formal definition)
the mass of an atom in atomic mass units
a mass exactly equal to 1/12 the mass of one carbon-12 atom
the sum of the atomic masses in the molecule
the amount of a substance that contains as many elementary par…
atomic mass
the mass of an atom in atomic mass units
atomic mass unit
a mass exactly equal to 1/12 the mass of one carbon-12 atom
Hydatidiform Mole /Gestational Trophobl…
abnormal Trophoblastic cells
so
Trophoblastic cells
- related to placental tumors
- can cause a tumor
-the Trophoblastic cells grow inside the uterus after concepti…
- become the placenta normally
Hydatidiform Mole /Gestational Trophobl…
- related to placental tumors
abnormal Trophoblastic cells
- can cause a tumor
Smaller
Over distension of the uterus
Under 5 pounds
Fraternal twins
Size of the infants with twins or multiple pregnancies because…
Promotes premature onset of labor with twins and multiple preg…
Size of an infant that indicates it is a preemie
Are the result of fertilization of two separate ovum by two se…
Smaller
Size of the infants with twins or multiple pregnancies because…
Over distension of the uterus
Promotes premature onset of labor with twins and multiple preg…
A client at 15 weeks' gestation is admi…
A 38-year-old client at about 14 weeks'…
After a dilatation and curettage (D&C)…
When preparing a multigravid client who…
Obtain an ultrasound.
Pregnancy-induced hypertension.
Hemorrhage
Choriocarcinoma.
A client at 15 weeks' gestation is admi…
Obtain an ultrasound.
A 38-year-old client at about 14 weeks'…
Pregnancy-induced hypertension.