Study sets matching "bi chapter 8"
Study sets
Diagrams
Classes
Users
alternative splicing
coding strand
consensus sequence/
double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)
a process by which different mRNAs and proteins are produced f…
the nontemplate strand of a DNA molecule having the same seque…
a sequence of nucleotides of DNA that is made by aligning simi…
an RNA molecule comprised of two complementary strands
alternative splicing
a process by which different mRNAs and proteins are produced f…
coding strand
the nontemplate strand of a DNA molecule having the same seque…
Transcription (Bacteria)
RNA Polymerase (prokaryote)
Promoters (prokaryote)
Termination (Rho dependent) - (Prokaryo…
Process of polymerizing RNA from DNA; does not need a primer;…
catalyzes polymerization of ribonucleotide triphosphates (NTPs…
where RNA polymerase binds; two sequences upstream (5' end) -…
rho dependent - specific protein called Rho (binds segments gr…
Transcription (Bacteria)
Process of polymerizing RNA from DNA; does not need a primer;…
RNA Polymerase (prokaryote)
catalyzes polymerization of ribonucleotide triphosphates (NTPs…
TRANCRIPTION IN BACTERIA
RNA Polymerase in Prokaryotes
Number of Genes in Human Genome
Promoters in Prokaryotes
...
-enzyme responsible for RNA synthesis ... -catalyzes the growth o…
20,000-25,000
-DNA sequence upstream of the gene to which RNA polymerase bin…
TRANCRIPTION IN BACTERIA
...
RNA Polymerase in Prokaryotes
-enzyme responsible for RNA synthesis ... -catalyzes the growth o…
allele
autosomes
blending theory of inheritance
codominance
the gene variations that arise by mutation and exist at the sa…
any of the non-sex chromosomes
hypothetical inheritance pattern in which parental traits are…
in a heterozygote, complete and simultaneous expression of bot…
allele
the gene variations that arise by mutation and exist at the sa…
autosomes
any of the non-sex chromosomes
Antisense Transcripts
Cell Memory
CAP Activator
Chromatin Remodeling Complex
Long noncoding RNAs that are transcribed from the "wrong" DNA…
It is a prerequisite for the creation of organized tissues and…
Bacterial protein that must bind to cyclic AMP before it can b…
They can alter chromatin structure
Antisense Transcripts
Long noncoding RNAs that are transcribed from the "wrong" DNA…
Cell Memory
It is a prerequisite for the creation of organized tissues and…
Catabolism
Exergonic
Fermentation
Aerobic
__________________ is the breakdown of larger molecules into s…
Catabolic reactions are _________________ (releases energy)
_____________________ is the partial breakdown of sugars tha…
______________ respiration is the *complete breakdown of sugar…
Catabolism
__________________ is the breakdown of larger molecules into s…
Exergonic
Catabolic reactions are _________________ (releases energy)
Photosynthetic organisms
Glycolysis and Cellular... respiration
Photosynthesis
Complete glucose breakdown
Autotrophs are ______ and capture the energy of sunlight and s…
heterotrophs use ________ to break down those sugar molecules…
6 CO2 + 6 H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6 O2
C6H12O6+ 6 O2 → 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ATP energy + heat energy
Photosynthetic organisms
Autotrophs are ______ and capture the energy of sunlight and s…
Glycolysis and Cellular... respiration
heterotrophs use ________ to break down those sugar molecules…
Cell differentiation is achieved by cha…
A neuron and a liver cell share the same
The differences between a neuron, a whi…
Gene expression is a complex process by…
gene expression
genome
gene expression
...
Cell differentiation is achieved by cha…
gene expression
A neuron and a liver cell share the same
genome
GUSTATION
The 5 Tastes
Papillae
Tastebud
...
saltiness, sourness, sweetness, bitterness, and umami (the tas…
-small projections scattered on the tongue ... -shaped like ridge…
-contains 50-150 taste receptor cells ... -also contains basal ce…
GUSTATION
...
The 5 Tastes
saltiness, sourness, sweetness, bitterness, and umami (the tas…
Articulation
Joint function
Functional (Classification of Joints)
Structural (Classification of Joints )
Site where two or more bones meet
-Give skeleton mobility ... -Hold skeleton together ... Can be clas…
-Based on amount of movement allowed by the joint... -Three func…
-Based on material binding bones together and whether or not a…
Articulation
Site where two or more bones meet
Joint function
-Give skeleton mobility ... -Hold skeleton together ... Can be clas…
The Role of Recombinant DNA Technology…
Goals of recombination work
Complementary DNA (cDNA)
The Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology
-Biotechnology is the use of microorganisms to make practical…
1.) To eliminate undesirable phenotypic traits in humans, anim…
...
Recombinant DNA technology is not a single procedure or techni…
The Role of Recombinant DNA Technology…
-Biotechnology is the use of microorganisms to make practical…
Goals of recombination work
1.) To eliminate undesirable phenotypic traits in humans, anim…
Quadratic Function
Parabola
Vertex
Vertical Translation
A function that can be represented by an equation of the form…
U-shaped graph of a quadratic equation
Turning point in a quadratic equation
A type of transformation that shifts the entire graph up or do…
Quadratic Function
A function that can be represented by an equation of the form…
Parabola
U-shaped graph of a quadratic equation
Biotechnology -
Recombinant DNA technologies -
PCR - Polymerase Chain Reaction
Gel electrophoresis
use of biological systems to make desired end product; - Can u…
intentional modification of genomes for practical purposes; De…
Requires... dsDNA (target DNA)... Heat-stable DNA polymerase (usuall…
DNA is really negative... Dna on top of agar - under uv light an…
Biotechnology -
use of biological systems to make desired end product; - Can u…
Recombinant DNA technologies -
intentional modification of genomes for practical purposes; De…
What are some of the main challenges th…
What is Web mining? How does it differ…
What is an "authoritative page"? What i…
What are the two main cycles in search…
-The web is too big for effective data mining... -is too complex…
Web mining is the discovery and analysis of interesting and us…
Authoritative page: web page that is identified as particularl…
Development Cycle... Web Crawler... Document Indexer... Step 1: Prep…
What are some of the main challenges th…
-The web is too big for effective data mining... -is too complex…
What is Web mining? How does it differ…
Web mining is the discovery and analysis of interesting and us…
About how many genes do a typical diffe…
What do nuclear transplantation experim…
How can you measure the extent of the d…
What are some housekeeping proteins?
Only about half the genes of the genome
That differentiated cells have not lost any critical DNA seque…
Comparing their protein composition through mass spectrometry
Structural proteins of chromosomes... RNA polymerases... DNA repair…
About how many genes do a typical diffe…
Only about half the genes of the genome
What do nuclear transplantation experim…
That differentiated cells have not lost any critical DNA seque…
Which of the following statements is NO…
At any given time, a typical differenti…
T of F: A cell can change the expressio…
T or F: Different cell types that respo…
a) They contain different genes.
From 5000 to 15,000 ... (These figures were derived from studies…
True ... (different cell types often respond in different ways t…
False... (Different cell types can respond in different ways to…
Which of the following statements is NO…
a) They contain different genes.
At any given time, a typical differenti…
From 5000 to 15,000 ... (These figures were derived from studies…
Genetics
Chromosomes
Gene
Genome
the study of genes
structures containing DNA that physically carry hereditary info
segments of DNA that encode functional products, usually prote…
genetic material inside the cell
Genetics
the study of genes
Chromosomes
structures containing DNA that physically carry hereditary info
Functional Category
Synarthrosis
Structural Categories
Fibrous - Suture
...
bony edges are close together and may interlock, these extreme…
...
a suture is a synarthrotic joint located only between the bone…
Functional Category
...
Synarthrosis
bony edges are close together and may interlock, these extreme…
integrations allow what?
enterprise systems
How are integrations achieved?
what does middleware do?
allow separate systems to communicate directly with each other
provide enterprisewide support and data access for a firm's op…
using middleware
translates info between disparate systems
integrations allow what?
allow separate systems to communicate directly with each other
enterprise systems
provide enterprisewide support and data access for a firm's op…
Regulatory sequences
Identification of eukaryotic regulatory…
Basal transcription
Stimulated transcription
- located upstream or downstream of +1, closer or farther away…
add regulatory sequences and reporter gene in plasmid and tran…
-Transcription without any enhancers... - has general TFs (DBEFH)…
has enhancers in addition to everything basal ahas
Regulatory sequences
- located upstream or downstream of +1, closer or farther away…
Identification of eukaryotic regulatory…
add regulatory sequences and reporter gene in plasmid and tran…
1. Delaying noncritical activities to l…
If resources are not adequate to meet p…
Which of the following is a potential c…
When developing a new software package,…
D. Resource smoothing
A. Resource-constrained scheduling
E. A, B and C are all correct
B. Technical
1. Delaying noncritical activities to l…
D. Resource smoothing
If resources are not adequate to meet p…
A. Resource-constrained scheduling
First law of thermodynamics
Chemical potential energy
Energy
Exothermic reactions
energy in the universe is constant. Kenetic energy is energy i…
Electrons in higher orbitals have higher potential energies.
The ability to do work and cause change. Work is object is mov…
Releases heat. effects the volume. delta H < 0.
First law of thermodynamics
energy in the universe is constant. Kenetic energy is energy i…
Chemical potential energy
Electrons in higher orbitals have higher potential energies.
What did cyanbacteria do?
Autotrophs
Chemoautotrophs
Heterotrophs
Change atmosphere to oxygen producing.
Organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic s…
Organism that derives its energy from the oxidation or inorgan…
Organism that cannot make its own food, so it obtains its food…
What did cyanbacteria do?
Change atmosphere to oxygen producing.
Autotrophs
Organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic s…