botany Flashcards
Browse 500 sets of botany flashcards
Alternation of generations
Sporophyte
Gametophyte
Bryophyte
The fluctuation between these diploid and haploid stages that…
The asexual and usually diploid phase, producing spores from w…
The gamete-producing and usually haploid phase, producing the…
Bryophytes are an informal group consisting of three divisions…
Alternation of generations
The fluctuation between these diploid and haploid stages that…
Sporophyte
The asexual and usually diploid phase, producing spores from w…
Cohesion
Adhesion
Dicot
Monocot
Water molecules stick together because of Hydrogen bonds (ex.…
Water molecules stick to others like them because of Hydrogen…
An angiosperm that has two seed leaves
An angiosperm that has only one seed leaf.
Cohesion
Water molecules stick together because of Hydrogen bonds (ex.…
Adhesion
Water molecules stick to others like them because of Hydrogen…
Cons of plants on land
Plants vs. Animal Cells
Cell Wall
What are plant cell walls made of?
-Staying wet... -Keeping the zygote alive... -Moving from place to p…
-Contain chloroplast and a cell wall... -Plants have a large vacu…
A rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provide…
cellulose ( a chain of sugars)
Cons of plants on land
-Staying wet... -Keeping the zygote alive... -Moving from place to p…
Plants vs. Animal Cells
-Contain chloroplast and a cell wall... -Plants have a large vacu…
3 Meristematic Tissues
Apical Meristems
Primary Meristems
Protoderm
Apical Meristems, Lateral Meristems, and Intercalary Meristems
__________________ causes PRIMARY growth (lengthening of plant…
PROTODERM (produces epidermis)... GROUND MERISTEM (produces paren…
Primary meristem that produces the epidermis.
3 Meristematic Tissues
Apical Meristems, Lateral Meristems, and Intercalary Meristems
Apical Meristems
__________________ causes PRIMARY growth (lengthening of plant…
Alternation of generations
Sporophyte
Gametophyte
Bryophyte
The fluctuation between these diploid and haploid stages that…
The asexual and usually diploid phase, producing spores from w…
The gamete-producing and usually haploid phase, producing the…
Bryophytes are an informal group consisting of three divisions…
Alternation of generations
The fluctuation between these diploid and haploid stages that…
Sporophyte
The asexual and usually diploid phase, producing spores from w…
4 main organ systems of a plant
Roots
2 types of roots
tap root
roots, stems, leaves and flowers
anchor plants in the ground and absorb water and dissolved nut…
taproot, fibrous
the primary portion of the root grows long and thick while sec…
4 main organ systems of a plant
roots, stems, leaves and flowers
Roots
anchor plants in the ground and absorb water and dissolved nut…
The life of a cell
The life of a the cell ... ( 4 phases) ... MI…
Plastids... 3 basic types ... * All related t…
Mitochondria
1. interphase, cell is doing its function DNA is duplicated ... 2…
(Interphase),is the majority of its life then it goes to its m…
- chloroplast { green because of chlorophyll (photosynthesis)…
* have 2 layers of membrane ... * fxn: cellular respiration ... > ho…
The life of a cell
1. interphase, cell is doing its function DNA is duplicated ... 2…
The life of a the cell ... ( 4 phases) ... MI…
(Interphase),is the majority of its life then it goes to its m…
Bacteria 3 forms of genetic recombinati…
conjugation
Transformation
Transduction
conjugation, transformation, transduction
bacteria; DNA swap before dividing
picks up random DNA
uses viruses to carry DNA from one to the other
Bacteria 3 forms of genetic recombinati…
conjugation, transformation, transduction
conjugation
bacteria; DNA swap before dividing
Apical Meristems
Multicellular, Dependent Embryos
Alternation of Generations
Embryophytes
Localized regions of cell division at tips of shoots and roots…
Zygotes kept within female tissues of a plant. Have placental…
The gametophyte and sporophyte generations are the two multice…
Land plants with multicellular, dependent embryos
Apical Meristems
Localized regions of cell division at tips of shoots and roots…
Multicellular, Dependent Embryos
Zygotes kept within female tissues of a plant. Have placental…
3 cell types
what is the difference between the peri…
The life of a cell
The life of a the cell ... ( 4 phases) ... MI…
-parenchyma ... - collenchyma, ... epidermis= 1 cell wall thick... -sc…
The periderm is cork cambium,cork,phelloderm it divides ... peric…
1. interphase, cell is doing its function DNA is duplicated ... 2…
(Interphase),is the majority of its life then it goes to its m…
3 cell types
-parenchyma ... - collenchyma, ... epidermis= 1 cell wall thick... -sc…
what is the difference between the peri…
The periderm is cork cambium,cork,phelloderm it divides ... peric…
Bryophytes
Mosses
Peat Moss
Bog
Division of non-vascular plants that have no roots, stems, or…
don't have a vascular system so they must live close to the gr…
The partially decomposed remains of various mosses. Retains wa…
An area of wet, spongy ground consisting mainly of decayed or…
Bryophytes
Division of non-vascular plants that have no roots, stems, or…
Mosses
don't have a vascular system so they must live close to the gr…
Petal
Monocot
Vascular
Cell Wall
The colorful, pretty parts of the flower. This part of the flo…
A plant that has only one cotyledon. Corn is an example.
A type of plant that has specialized tissues or tubes that tra…
This surrounds the plant cell and helps support and protect th…
Petal
The colorful, pretty parts of the flower. This part of the flo…
Monocot
A plant that has only one cotyledon. Corn is an example.
Plant growth and development
All plants cells are
Internal Factors: Hormones
Jasmonic Acid
relies on the interplay of internal and external signals
-Totipotent... -Capable of becoming any other plant cell
1. Auxins... 2. Cytokinins... 3. Gibberellins... 4. Ethylene... 5. Abscisi…
-Signaling hormone active in almost all plant defenses... -Tells…
Plant growth and development
relies on the interplay of internal and external signals
All plants cells are
-Totipotent... -Capable of becoming any other plant cell
Botany
Plant Anatomy
Plant Anatomy
Plant Physiology
Study of plants... (Anatomy, physiology, taxonomy, cell biology,…
-Focus on internal structure of plants... -anatomy of leaves, ste…
used in determining relationships among plants
Focus on plant functions ... Use cloned genes ... Temperature, light…
Botany
Study of plants... (Anatomy, physiology, taxonomy, cell biology,…
Plant Anatomy
-Focus on internal structure of plants... -anatomy of leaves, ste…
Provide energy to all living things
ATP--->ADP +P+ENERGY
Glucose
Phosphate Bonds
Function of ATP...
Breakdown of ATP to provide energy
Chemical food energy used to make ATP through the process of C…
where energy is stored in ATP
Provide energy to all living things
Function of ATP...
ATP--->ADP +P+ENERGY
Breakdown of ATP to provide energy
node
internode
axil
bud
the part of the stem where a leaf is or was attached
the part of the stem between two nodes
the point of attachment of a leaf and stem
an external meristem found on stems, often in axils
node
the part of the stem where a leaf is or was attached
internode
the part of the stem between two nodes