Study sets matching "energy balance"
Study sets
Classes
Users
BMR/RMR
Ketosis
Starches
Glucose
The basic amount of caloric energy needed to run the body's or…
Fat breakdown during fasting, creates ketones, elevating blood…
Long chain carbohydrates found in potato, rice, grains, etc.
A simple sugar, the body's primary and preferred source of ene…
BMR/RMR
The basic amount of caloric energy needed to run the body's or…
Ketosis
Fat breakdown during fasting, creates ketones, elevating blood…
Energy balance
Energy in...
Basal metabolism
Physical activity
Energy intake=energy output
Carbohydrates, protein, fat, alcohol
60-70% of total energy needs. Minimum energy used to keep body…
Increases energy output beyond basal metabolism. Varies among…
Energy balance
Energy intake=energy output
Energy in...
Carbohydrates, protein, fat, alcohol
BMR
BMI
NEAT
Obesity
Which of the following is the amount of energy the body needs…
What is a common weight assessment that uses the relationship…
Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis
Body weight more than 20 percent higher than the average weigh…
BMR
Which of the following is the amount of energy the body needs…
BMI
What is a common weight assessment that uses the relationship…
Hall's study on energy balance
Hall's study - New rule of thumb
Hall's Study - What are the limitations…
Hall Study - How precise are the tools…
Evaluates the 3500 calorie rule which says you need to burn th…
-10kcal in Energy Input/day = 1 lb decrease when bodyweight re…
Reporting correctly, expensive, hard to find subjects for long…
Uncertainty >100 kcal/d in estimates of Energy Output. An inta…
Hall's study on energy balance
Evaluates the 3500 calorie rule which says you need to burn th…
Hall's study - New rule of thumb
-10kcal in Energy Input/day = 1 lb decrease when bodyweight re…
% of energy for digesting, absorbing an…
Thermic effect of food
An adult at rest would use _____ calori…
Hormone involved in regulating Basal Me…
5-10%
Energy cost of digesting, absorbing and transporting nutrients
1,400 kcal
Thyroid Hormone
% of energy for digesting, absorbing an…
5-10%
Thermic effect of food
Energy cost of digesting, absorbing and transporting nutrients
Arcuate nucleus
NPY
Melanocortins
Leptin
A nucleus of the hypothalamus that contains high concentration…
Appetite Stimulator. Y not eat?... Opposite of Melanocortins.
Hormones that suppress appetite. Antagonist to NPY.... Stimulated…
Adipokine hormone that is a Satiety Signal released from fat s…
Arcuate nucleus
A nucleus of the hypothalamus that contains high concentration…
NPY
Appetite Stimulator. Y not eat?... Opposite of Melanocortins.
Energy Balance
Positive Energy Balance
Negative Energy Balance
4
This is when the energy in equals the amount of energy out
This is when the energy in is greater than the energy out
This is when the energy in is less than the energy out
How many kcal/gram in carbs?
Energy Balance
This is when the energy in equals the amount of energy out
Positive Energy Balance
This is when the energy in is greater than the energy out
energy balance
positive energy balance
negative energy balance
bomb calorimeter
The state at which energy (kilocalorie) intake from food and b…
the state in whcih energy intake is greater than energy expend…
the state in which energy intake is less than energy expenditu…
an instrument used to measure the amount of heat released from…
energy balance
The state at which energy (kilocalorie) intake from food and b…
positive energy balance
the state in whcih energy intake is greater than energy expend…
Early atmospheric composition
Current atmospheric composition
Global Scale Features
synoptic scale features
80% carbon dioxide, 10% nitrogen, 10% water
78%nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases
occur in scales from thousands of kilometers to planetary moti…
occur on sales from a few hundred kilometers to thousands of k…
Early atmospheric composition
80% carbon dioxide, 10% nitrogen, 10% water
Current atmospheric composition
78%nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases
heat balance
constant body temperature
temperature receptors
hypothalamus
when heat gained in the body is balanced by heat loss
37 C (on average)
detect the temperature of the blood in the skin and brain
the temperature control centre
heat balance
when heat gained in the body is balanced by heat loss
constant body temperature
37 C (on average)
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
organic compound
digestion
a process in which plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight to p…
the process by which oxygen to produce food
a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon
a process in which food is broken down into smaller pieces
photosynthesis
a process in which plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight to p…
cellular respiration
the process by which oxygen to produce food
Energy balance
Metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate BMR
Normal energy balance
Intake of energy compared with the expenditure of energy by th…
The speed at which the body uses energy, individuals with a fa…
The energy required for supporting the basic process required…
intake = expenditure
Energy balance
Intake of energy compared with the expenditure of energy by th…
Metabolic rate
The speed at which the body uses energy, individuals with a fa…
energy balance is
intake - expenditure =
BMR
MET
the sum of BMR, TEF and energy used during physical activity.
energy balance
Basal Metabolic Rate. min energy required to function.
metabolic equivalent task. used to work out energy used in act…
energy balance is
the sum of BMR, TEF and energy used during physical activity.
intake - expenditure =
energy balance
Calorie
Carbohydrate
Calories in a gram of fat
Calories in a gram of carbohydrate
a unit of heat used to indicate the amount of energy that food…
the most preferred source of energy from food
9
4
Calorie
a unit of heat used to indicate the amount of energy that food…
Carbohydrate
the most preferred source of energy from food
Calories in carbs, fat, protein, and al…
What makes up our energy out?
BMR takes up what % of energy expenditu…
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
carbs - 4cal/g... fat- 9cal/g... protein- 4cal/g... alcohol- 7cal/g
Basal metabolic rate (BMR), thermic effect of food, physical a…
~70-80%
Burning calories while doing nothing
Calories in carbs, fat, protein, and al…
carbs - 4cal/g... fat- 9cal/g... protein- 4cal/g... alcohol- 7cal/g
What makes up our energy out?
Basal metabolic rate (BMR), thermic effect of food, physical a…
Energy Balance
Positive energy balance
Negative energy balance
Hunger
Energy consumed compared with amount expended
Consuming more energy (Calories) than expending
Consuming less energy (Calories) than expending
Desire to consume food triggered by physiological signals.
Energy Balance
Energy consumed compared with amount expended
Positive energy balance
Consuming more energy (Calories) than expending
Android obesity
Satiety
Morbid obesity
Appetite
Excess storage of fat located primarily in the abdominal area
Effects of a food or meal that delay subsequent intake. Feelin…
Characterized by body weight exceeding 100 percent of normal a…
A psychological desire to eat that is related to the pleasant…
Android obesity
Excess storage of fat located primarily in the abdominal area
Satiety
Effects of a food or meal that delay subsequent intake. Feelin…
Intake
Output
Basal Metabolic Rate is affected by
Resting Metabolic Rate
Alcohol Carbohydrates Fats Proteins
Basal metabolism Thermic effect of food Physical activity Ther…
stress caffeine genes
amount of energy expended by the body at rest... higher than BMR
Intake
Alcohol Carbohydrates Fats Proteins
Output
Basal metabolism Thermic effect of food Physical activity Ther…
gross composition of human body
kcals per gram in CHO and protein
kcal per gram in fat (TG)
kcal per gram in 1lb fat
~90 lbs water... ~30 lbs fat ... ~30 pounds lean tissue
4 kcal per gram
9 kcal per gram
3,500 kcals
gross composition of human body
~90 lbs water... ~30 lbs fat ... ~30 pounds lean tissue
kcals per gram in CHO and protein
4 kcal per gram
Energy Balance
Positive energy balance
Negative energy balance
Hunger
Energy consumed compared with amount expended
Consuming more energy (Calories) than expending
Consuming less energy (Calories) than expending
Desire to consume food triggered by physiological signals.
Energy Balance
Energy consumed compared with amount expended
Positive energy balance
Consuming more energy (Calories) than expending
excess energy
energy balance
positive energy balance
negative energy balance
stored as fat, used for energy between meals
energy/calories in = energy/calories out
energy/calories in > energy/calories out
energy/calories in < energy/calories out
excess energy
stored as fat, used for energy between meals
energy balance
energy/calories in = energy/calories out
Adipokines
Adipocytes
Energy Balance
Hypertrophic Growth
Hormone-like substances produced and released by adipocytes
Cells found in adipose tissue and used mainly for fat storage
A state in which energy intake equals energy expenditure
Growth associated with an increase in cell size
Adipokines
Hormone-like substances produced and released by adipocytes
Adipocytes
Cells found in adipose tissue and used mainly for fat storage
energy balance
Three main classes of nutrients
sources of energy: carbohydrates
Glycolysis
we use energy constantly, but consume food periodically, so we…
carbohydrates, fats, proteins AND all are stored in different…
carbohydrates are digested into sugars, such as glucose.
process of breaking down glucose to release its energy. Glycol…
energy balance
we use energy constantly, but consume food periodically, so we…
Three main classes of nutrients
carbohydrates, fats, proteins AND all are stored in different…
carbohydrates fat protein
high concentration of energy in a small…
fat food that are high in fat
external & internal energy cycle
what are the names of the 3 macronutrients
what does caloric density mean
which macronutrients has the highest caloric densie
energy support system that support human life
carbohydrates fat protein
what are the names of the 3 macronutrients
high concentration of energy in a small…
what does caloric density mean