Study sets matching "energy balance"
Study sets
Diagrams
Classes
Users
BMR/RMR
Ketosis
Starches
Glucose
The basic amount of caloric energy needed to run the body's or…
Fat breakdown during fasting, creates ketones, elevating blood…
Long chain carbohydrates found in potato, rice, grains, etc.
A simple sugar, the body's primary and preferred source of ene…
BMR/RMR
The basic amount of caloric energy needed to run the body's or…
Ketosis
Fat breakdown during fasting, creates ketones, elevating blood…
Calorie
Carbohydrate
Calories in a gram of fat
Calories in a gram of carbohydrate
a unit of heat used to indicate the amount of energy that food…
the most preferred source of energy from food
9
4
Calorie
a unit of heat used to indicate the amount of energy that food…
Carbohydrate
the most preferred source of energy from food
Energy balance
Energy in...
Basal metabolism
Physical activity
Energy intake=energy output
Carbohydrates, protein, fat, alcohol
60-70% of total energy needs. Minimum energy used to keep body…
Increases energy output beyond basal metabolism. Varies among…
Energy balance
Energy intake=energy output
Energy in...
Carbohydrates, protein, fat, alcohol
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Non-exercise adaptive thermogenesis (NE…
Joule
First law of thermodynamics
Rate of energy expended at rest
Any physical activity that is not sports exercise
Unit of energy (international)
Energy is never destroyed; it is transferred from one form int…
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Rate of energy expended at rest
Non-exercise adaptive thermogenesis (NE…
Any physical activity that is not sports exercise
BMR
BMI
NEAT
Obesity
Which of the following is the amount of energy the body needs…
What is a common weight assessment that uses the relationship…
Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis
Body weight more than 20 percent higher than the average weigh…
BMR
Which of the following is the amount of energy the body needs…
BMI
What is a common weight assessment that uses the relationship…
Arcuate nucleus
NPY
Melanocortins
Leptin
A nucleus of the hypothalamus that contains high concentration…
Appetite Stimulator. Y not eat?... Opposite of Melanocortins.
Hormones that suppress appetite. Antagonist to NPY.... Stimulated…
Adipokine hormone that is a Satiety Signal released from fat s…
Arcuate nucleus
A nucleus of the hypothalamus that contains high concentration…
NPY
Appetite Stimulator. Y not eat?... Opposite of Melanocortins.
% of energy for digesting, absorbing an…
Thermic effect of food
An adult at rest would use _____ calori…
Hormone involved in regulating Basal Me…
5-10%
Energy cost of digesting, absorbing and transporting nutrients
1,400 kcal
Thyroid Hormone
% of energy for digesting, absorbing an…
5-10%
Thermic effect of food
Energy cost of digesting, absorbing and transporting nutrients
Early atmospheric composition
Current atmospheric composition
Global Scale Features
synoptic scale features
80% carbon dioxide, 10% nitrogen, 10% water
78%nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases
occur in scales from thousands of kilometers to planetary moti…
occur on sales from a few hundred kilometers to thousands of k…
Early atmospheric composition
80% carbon dioxide, 10% nitrogen, 10% water
Current atmospheric composition
78%nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases
heat balance
constant body temperature
temperature receptors
hypothalamus
when heat gained in the body is balanced by heat loss
37 C (on average)
detect the temperature of the blood in the skin and brain
the temperature control centre
heat balance
when heat gained in the body is balanced by heat loss
constant body temperature
37 C (on average)
% of energy for digesting, absorbing an…
Thermic effect of food
An adult at rest would use _____ calori…
Hormone involved in regulating Basal Me…
5-10%
Energy cost of digesting, absorbing and transporting nutrients
1,400 kcal
Thyroid Hormone
% of energy for digesting, absorbing an…
5-10%
Thermic effect of food
Energy cost of digesting, absorbing and transporting nutrients
energy balance
what is the 4th source of energy that i…
3 things that contribute to energy outp…
rough calculation for basal metabolism
How balanced your calories are determines your body compositio…
alcohol 7kcal/gram
Basal Metabolism,... Physical Activity,... Thermic Effect of Food.
Men: Multiply your healthy body weight by 11 ... Women: Multiply…
energy balance
How balanced your calories are determines your body compositio…
what is the 4th source of energy that i…
alcohol 7kcal/gram
Energy Balance
Positive Energy Balance
Negative Energy Balance
4
This is when the energy in equals the amount of energy out
This is when the energy in is greater than the energy out
This is when the energy in is less than the energy out
How many kcal/gram in carbs?
Energy Balance
This is when the energy in equals the amount of energy out
Positive Energy Balance
This is when the energy in is greater than the energy out
Calories in carbs, fat, protein, and al…
What makes up our energy out?
BMR takes up what % of energy expenditu…
What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
carbs - 4cal/g... fat- 9cal/g... protein- 4cal/g... alcohol- 7cal/g
Basal metabolic rate (BMR), thermic effect of food, physical a…
~70-80%
Burning calories while doing nothing
Calories in carbs, fat, protein, and al…
carbs - 4cal/g... fat- 9cal/g... protein- 4cal/g... alcohol- 7cal/g
What makes up our energy out?
Basal metabolic rate (BMR), thermic effect of food, physical a…
photosynthesis
cellular respiration
organic compound
digestion
a process in which plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight to p…
the process by which oxygen to produce food
a covalently bonded compound that contains carbon
a process in which food is broken down into smaller pieces
photosynthesis
a process in which plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight to p…
cellular respiration
the process by which oxygen to produce food
energy balance
positive energy balance
negative energy balance
bomb calorimeter
The state at which energy (kilocalorie) intake from food and b…
the state in whcih energy intake is greater than energy expend…
the state in which energy intake is less than energy expenditu…
an instrument used to measure the amount of heat released from…
energy balance
The state at which energy (kilocalorie) intake from food and b…
positive energy balance
the state in whcih energy intake is greater than energy expend…
energy balance is
intake - expenditure =
BMR
MET
the sum of BMR, TEF and energy used during physical activity.
energy balance
Basal Metabolic Rate. min energy required to function.
metabolic equivalent task. used to work out energy used in act…
energy balance is
the sum of BMR, TEF and energy used during physical activity.
intake - expenditure =
energy balance
Red Flags for Obesity
Bond Calorimeter
Basal Metabolic rate
Factors that influence Basal Metabolism?
- 10 pounds of weight gain... - 2-inch increase in waist circumfe…
measures energy
energy expenditure at rest
- lean body mass ( muscle )... - Gender ... - Age
Red Flags for Obesity
- 10 pounds of weight gain... - 2-inch increase in waist circumfe…
Bond Calorimeter
measures energy
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
Thermic Effect of Feeding (TEF)
Non-exercise adaptive thermogenesis (NE…
rate of energy expended by internal processes during a period…
does not require that the individual be fasted... = ~65-75% TEE
energy cost of processing ingested foods (digestion, absorptio…
e.g. shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis
Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)
rate of energy expended by internal processes during a period…
Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)
does not require that the individual be fasted... = ~65-75% TEE
Nutrient
Macronutrients
Micronutrients
Nonessential nutrients
substance in food needed for growth, maintenance, repair... *nutr…
three major nutrients that make up the bulk of ingested food... -…
two other nutrients that are required, but only in small amoun…
are also vital to life, but if not enough is available, liver…
Nutrient
substance in food needed for growth, maintenance, repair... *nutr…
Macronutrients
three major nutrients that make up the bulk of ingested food... -…
Kcals used
BMR
Factors that affect BMR
Ways to increase metabolism
BMR+PA+ Thermic effect of food
Basal metabolic rate used to just exist
Age, body size, body composition, body surface area, air tempe…
Exercise, hydrate, live in cold, eat breakfast
Kcals used
BMR+PA+ Thermic effect of food
BMR
Basal metabolic rate used to just exist
Energy Intake
Energy Output
BMI (Body Mass Index)
30
The energy liberated during food oxidation.
Energy that is:... - Immediately lost as heat... - Used to do work…
A formula for determining obesity based on a person's weight r…
Obesity is a BMI greater than _____ and has a markedly increas…
Energy Intake
The energy liberated during food oxidation.
Energy Output
Energy that is:... - Immediately lost as heat... - Used to do work…
Energy Balance
DEE
BMR... Consider... Proportional to
BMI ... Underweight... Normal... Overweight/Preo…
No weight gain/weight loss
Daily Energy Expenditure... Energy to support basal metabolic rat…
Basal Metabolic Rate... Gender (men have higher BMR)... Temperature…
kg/m2 (wt/ht2)... 18.5-24.9... 25-29/9... Above 30... Above 40
Energy Balance
No weight gain/weight loss
DEE
Daily Energy Expenditure... Energy to support basal metabolic rat…
Case
Clinical
Epidemiological & Intervention
Laboratory
Results from a single person protocol.
Experimental design with a group of people.
Population based, retrospective or prospective.
Experimental design with any life form: microorganisms, virus,…
Case
Results from a single person protocol.
Clinical
Experimental design with a group of people.