Study sets matching "microbiology 3"
Study sets
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Classes
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Genetics
Genome
chromosomes
Bacterial
- the study of heredity... The science explores:... Transmission of…
- sum total of genetic material of a cell (chromosomes + mitoc…
DNA complexed with protein constitutes the genetic material
__________ chromosomes are a single circular loop
Genetics
- the study of heredity... The science explores:... Transmission of…
Genome
- sum total of genetic material of a cell (chromosomes + mitoc…
1.) What is an enzyme?
2.) What are unique characteristics whe…
3.) What is oxidation?
4.) What is decarboxylation?
ends in "-ase"
end in "-ase"
loss of electrons
-when you have removal of carboxyl group and it releases CO2
1.) What is an enzyme?
ends in "-ase"
2.) What are unique characteristics whe…
end in "-ase"
DNA
nucleotides
nitrogen bases
DNA structure
deoxyribonucleic acid... chemical code for protein synthesis... subu…
subunits of DNA
Adenine... Thymine (replaced by Uracil in RNA)... Cytosine... Guanine
double stranded... long chains of nucleotides... backbone alternatin…
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid... chemical code for protein synthesis... subu…
nucleotides
subunits of DNA
Copper sulfate
Hydrogen peroxide
Alkylating agents
Surfactants
aligicide that used to control algal growth in swimming pools…
Which of the following peroxygens is widely used as a househol…
effectively sterilize materials at low temperatures but are ca…
group of chemical compounds that lower the surface tension of…
Copper sulfate
aligicide that used to control algal growth in swimming pools…
Hydrogen peroxide
Which of the following peroxygens is widely used as a househol…
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
glycolysis
phosphorylation
in the presence of oxygen
in the absence of oxygen
metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate
the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule of ATP
aerobic respiration
in the presence of oxygen
anaerobic respiration
in the absence of oxygen
Culture Media
Sterile
Inoculum
Microbial culture
collection of nutrients used to grow microorganisms
no living microbes
microbes that are introduced into sterile culture medium
microbes that are growing on culture medium
Culture Media
collection of nutrients used to grow microorganisms
Sterile
no living microbes
Lesson 17 Composition of microbial flor…
Two characteristics of normal oral flor…
Three parts of mouth that are unique ha…
Infections on three habitats?
...
residential normal flora... ecologically dieverse
teeth, ... mucous surfaces and ... gingival crevices
caries, ... mucosal infrections, ... periodontal diseases
Lesson 17 Composition of microbial flor…
...
Two characteristics of normal oral flor…
residential normal flora... ecologically dieverse
prokaryotic cell reproduction
binary fission
Snapping
budding
asexual reproduction via binary fission, snapping, or budding
-cell replicates DNA and cytoplasmic membrane elongates to sep…
-inner portion of cell wall is deposited across the dividing c…
outgrowth of the original cell receives a copy of the genetic…
prokaryotic cell reproduction
asexual reproduction via binary fission, snapping, or budding
binary fission
-cell replicates DNA and cytoplasmic membrane elongates to sep…
Genetics
Gene
Humans have approximately ________ genes
Chromosome
the study of what genes are, how they carry information, how i…
a segment of DNA that encodes a functional product, usually…
30,000
structure containing DNA that physically carries hereditary in…
Genetics
the study of what genes are, how they carry information, how i…
Gene
a segment of DNA that encodes a functional product, usually…
Batch Culture Growth
Chemostat Growth
What are some of the continuous culture…
What is washout?
Inoculating an uninoculated medium and letting grow.... Lag- gett…
- Continuous growth... - Also called steady state growth... - Can co…
- Constant supply of cells in a stable, unvarying condition... -…
Washout occurs when you replace the culture faster than it can…
Batch Culture Growth
Inoculating an uninoculated medium and letting grow.... Lag- gett…
Chemostat Growth
- Continuous growth... - Also called steady state growth... - Can co…
Genetics
Gene ... (2 definitions)
Chromosome
Genome
The study of what genes are, how they carry information, how i…
1: a segment of DNA that encodes a functional product, usually…
structure containing DNA that physically carries hereditary in…
all the genetic information in a cell
Genetics
The study of what genes are, how they carry information, how i…
Gene ... (2 definitions)
1: a segment of DNA that encodes a functional product, usually…
2 groups of living organisms
4 features common to all cells
4 macromolecules
Prokaryote or Eukaryote?: Nuclear envel…
1. prokaryotes... 2. eukaryotes
1. cell membrane... 2. cytoplasm... 3. DNA... 4. ribosomes (used for pr…
1. nucleic acid (DNA)... 2. carbohydrates... 3. lipids... 4. proteins
Eukaryote
2 groups of living organisms
1. prokaryotes... 2. eukaryotes
4 features common to all cells
1. cell membrane... 2. cytoplasm... 3. DNA... 4. ribosomes (used for pr…
bacteriaphage
lysis, decreases, plaques
single, one
B, T2
these are ultra microscopic agents which cause lysis of bacter…
bacteriaphage cause:... ___________ in broth cultures... turbidity o…
A bacteriaphage dilution is used to estimate the number of pha…
In our bacteriaphage experiment we used E. coli ____ and the v…
bacteriaphage
these are ultra microscopic agents which cause lysis of bacter…
lysis, decreases, plaques
bacteriaphage cause:... ___________ in broth cultures... turbidity o…
light microscopy
light microscopy with stain
scanning electron microscopy
transmission electron microscopy
reveals complex shapes, appendages, and internal structures of…
the stained specimen absorbs light and appears dark against a…
beams of electrons scatter from the stained surface of a speci…
electrons pass through a stained section. Very fine details ma…
light microscopy
reveals complex shapes, appendages, and internal structures of…
light microscopy with stain
the stained specimen absorbs light and appears dark against a…
Ascomycota
Lost ability to sexually reproduce
Zygomycota Microsporidia Ascomycota Bas…
Anamorphs
Fungi ... Produced asexually: conidiospore... Produced sexually: as…
Ascomycota... Sac fungi; septate hyphae... Teleomorphic fungi... Produ…
Medically Important Phyla of Fungi
fungi ... asexual spores only
Ascomycota
Fungi ... Produced asexually: conidiospore... Produced sexually: as…
Lost ability to sexually reproduce
Ascomycota... Sac fungi; septate hyphae... Teleomorphic fungi... Produ…
phenotypic variation
genotypic variation
deleterious
beneficial mutation
non-heritable... due to change in the bacteria growth environmen…
heritable... due to mutations or loss/acquisition of new genetic…
blocking/disrupting a gene causes a disadvantage ... lethal, slo…
added an advantageous function ... ex: antibiotic resistance... und…
phenotypic variation
non-heritable... due to change in the bacteria growth environmen…
genotypic variation
heritable... due to mutations or loss/acquisition of new genetic…
Contamination
Infection
Infestation
Disease
Microbes are present on inanimate objects, surface of skin, etc
Multiplication of any parasitic organism within or on the host…
Infection but with multicellular parasites
A disturbance in the state of health where the body cannot car…
Contamination
Microbes are present on inanimate objects, surface of skin, etc
Infection
Multiplication of any parasitic organism within or on the host…
First line of defense
second line of defense
third line of defense
Defense mechanisms of the host
any barrier that blocks invasion at the portal of entry-nonspe…
protective cells and fluids; inflammation and phagocytosis-non…
-acquired with exposure to foreign substance; produces protect…
to protect the body against pathogens, the immune system relie…
First line of defense
any barrier that blocks invasion at the portal of entry-nonspe…
second line of defense
protective cells and fluids; inflammation and phagocytosis-non…
Antimicrobial drug treatment
Chemotherapeutic Drug
Prophylaxis
Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Goal=destroy infective agent without harming host cells (selec…
Any chemical used in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxix of…
Use of a drug to prevent imminent infection of a person at risk
The use of chemotherapeutic drugs to control infection
Antimicrobial drug treatment
Goal=destroy infective agent without harming host cells (selec…
Chemotherapeutic Drug
Any chemical used in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxix of…
Five I's
Innoculation
Incubation
Pure Culture:
Inoculation, Incubation, Isolation, Inspection, Identification
Adding small sample (the inoculum) into a container of medium
When the sample is kept between 20-40 degrees Celsius to allow…
Growth of only a single known species, usually created by a su…
Five I's
Inoculation, Incubation, Isolation, Inspection, Identification
Innoculation
Adding small sample (the inoculum) into a container of medium