Study sets matching "microbiology test 4"
Study sets
Classes
Users
Pathogen
Immunity
Pathogenicity
Portal of Entry
disease causing agent
-production of Abs or chemicals that destroy pathogens... -the pr…
Variable concept; the ability of an organism to cause disease…
-Route of entry, how pathogen gets into the body... - Dependent o…
Pathogen
disease causing agent
Immunity
-production of Abs or chemicals that destroy pathogens... -the pr…
Restriction Enzyme
Prokaryotes ; eukaryotes
Defense
Methylation
recognize specific base sequences within DNA (recognition sequ…
recognition enzymes are common in _________, rare in _________…
restriction enzymes are a ___________ mechanism against hostil…
Restriction enzymes sense the __________ at specific base pair…
Restriction Enzyme
recognize specific base sequences within DNA (recognition sequ…
Prokaryotes ; eukaryotes
recognition enzymes are common in _________, rare in _________…
1st line of defense
2nd line of defense(non-specific)
3rd line of defense(specific)
Intact skin
-intact skin... -mucous membranes & their secretions
-phagocytic white blood cells ... -inflammation -complement... -feve…
-B & T lymphocytes... -antibodies
formidable barrier made of tightly packed epithelial cells (th…
1st line of defense
-intact skin... -mucous membranes & their secretions
2nd line of defense(non-specific)
-phagocytic white blood cells ... -inflammation -complement... -feve…
A-B toxins
adaptive immunity
Adenoviridae
Adhesins
consist of an active component that inhibits a cellular proces…
the ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mo…
single linear dsDNA, one of causes of the cold, spread via res…
Molecules on the surfaces of pathogens that are able to recogn…
A-B toxins
consist of an active component that inhibits a cellular proces…
adaptive immunity
the ability to recognize and remember specific antigens and mo…
Barriers to Antigen Intrusion(1st line…
Display Phagocytic Activity(2nd line of…
Opsonization
Antigen
Intact epidermis and its secretions. Intact mucous membranes.…
Macrophages. Neutrophils. Eosinophils. Mast Cells.
Coating antigens make them easier to phagocytise. Antibody act…
Anything that can trigger an immune response.
Barriers to Antigen Intrusion(1st line…
Intact epidermis and its secretions. Intact mucous membranes.…
Display Phagocytic Activity(2nd line of…
Macrophages. Neutrophils. Eosinophils. Mast Cells.
Sterilization
disinfection
decontamination/sanitation
antisepsis/degermation
process that destroys or removes all life forms and viruses; m…
physical process or a chemical agent to destroy vegetative pat…
cleansing technique that mechanically removes microorganisms a…
reduces the number of microbes on the human skin; a form of de…
Sterilization
process that destroys or removes all life forms and viruses; m…
disinfection
physical process or a chemical agent to destroy vegetative pat…
Normal Flora... 1. Resident... 2. Transient
skin
the gut
vagina in females
What are microorganisms that occupy human bodies in a mutualis…
Where does Staphylococcus aureus occur at in the body?
Where does Escherichia coli occur on the body?
Where does Micrococcus luteus occur on the body?
Normal Flora... 1. Resident... 2. Transient
What are microorganisms that occupy human bodies in a mutualis…
skin
Where does Staphylococcus aureus occur at in the body?
disease
infection
pathogen
signs
any condition where normal structure or function of the body i…
successful colonization of the host by a microbe
organism that is able to cause disease
objective and measurable characteristics
disease
any condition where normal structure or function of the body i…
infection
successful colonization of the host by a microbe
handwashing
chicken pox
RSV (respiratory syncytial virus)
1- Headache... 2- painful/stiff neck... 3- fe…
best defense against viral airborne diseases (2nd to vaccines)
- caused by HHV-3... - transmitted by droplet contact
most prevalent respiratory infection in newborns
3 symptoms common with meningitis
handwashing
best defense against viral airborne diseases (2nd to vaccines)
chicken pox
- caused by HHV-3... - transmitted by droplet contact
lysozyme
first line of defense
second line of defense
respiratory tract
the chemical found in tears and saliva that hydrolyzes the pep…
chemical and physical barrier such as: skin, mucus, ciliate ep…
phagocytic white blood cells are components of the body's....
the body region where a ciliary escalator helps to sweep micro…
lysozyme
the chemical found in tears and saliva that hydrolyzes the pep…
first line of defense
chemical and physical barrier such as: skin, mucus, ciliate ep…
CHAPTER 21: Otitis Media, Sinusitis, Ma…
Pharyngitis
Scarlett Fever
Diptheria
-Middle ear, mastoid cavity, and sinuses are... connected to the…
A classic infection is strep throat.... Caused by Streptococcus…
-Strep a infection ... -Toxin secreted that causes a bad rash ... -s…
-Caused by the toxin produced by... -Corynebacterium diphtheriae…
CHAPTER 21: Otitis Media, Sinusitis, Ma…
-Middle ear, mastoid cavity, and sinuses are... connected to the…
Pharyngitis
A classic infection is strep throat.... Caused by Streptococcus…
Epidermis
Keratin
Dermis
Perspiration
thin outer portion of skin composed of layers of epithelial ce…
waterproofing protein coating outer layer of epidermis
inner, thick portion of skin; composed mainly of connective ti…
provides moisture and nutrients for bacterial growth
Epidermis
thin outer portion of skin composed of layers of epithelial ce…
Keratin
waterproofing protein coating outer layer of epidermis
Restriction Enzyme
Prokaryotes ; eukaryotes
Defense
Methylation
recognize specific base sequences within DNA (recognition sequ…
recognition enzymes are common in _________, rare in _________…
restriction enzymes are a ___________ mechanism against hostil…
Restriction enzymes sense the __________ at specific base pair…
Restriction Enzyme
recognize specific base sequences within DNA (recognition sequ…
Prokaryotes ; eukaryotes
recognition enzymes are common in _________, rare in _________…
Layers of the Skin
Subcutaneous Layer
Superficial Infection
Dermis Infection
1. epidermis... 2. dermis... 3. subcutaneous
-gives rise to hair follicles ... -sebaceous glands (oil and swea…
on the top and not very deep
the immune system cares a little more since it can potentially…
Layers of the Skin
1. epidermis... 2. dermis... 3. subcutaneous
Subcutaneous Layer
-gives rise to hair follicles ... -sebaceous glands (oil and swea…
DNA microarrays
uses of microarrays
natural methods of inserting DNA
transformation
-consist of molecules of immobilized single-stranded DNA... -Flou…
-monitoring gene expression ... -diagnosis of infection ... -identif…
-transformation ... -transduction ... -conjunction
When DNA is absorbed from the environment
DNA microarrays
-consist of molecules of immobilized single-stranded DNA... -Flou…
uses of microarrays
-monitoring gene expression ... -diagnosis of infection ... -identif…
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Normal Microbiota
Both organisms benefit... Ex) Termites and cellulose digesting ba…
One organism benefits the other is left unharmed... ex) Bacteria…
Harms host
Also termed normal flora and indigenous microbiota... Two types... R…
Mutualism
Both organisms benefit... Ex) Termites and cellulose digesting ba…
Commensalism
One organism benefits the other is left unharmed... ex) Bacteria…
What is biological warfare?
How does biological warfare differ from…
When was the use of biological warfare…
When was the creating and stockpiling o…
-Intentional use of live agents or toxins, to cause death and…
Warfare is sponsored by the state during war time while terror…
1925, the Geneva Protocol
1972 by the Biological weapons convention
What is biological warfare?
-Intentional use of live agents or toxins, to cause death and…
How does biological warfare differ from…
Warfare is sponsored by the state during war time while terror…
What is the normal flora or microbiota?
Define commensalism. Give an example.
Define mutualism. Give an example.
Define pathology.
Microorganisms that establishes a permanent residence in the b…
Partnership between two different species. Only the commensal…
Partnership between two different species. Both members receiv…
Study of diseases
What is the normal flora or microbiota?
Microorganisms that establishes a permanent residence in the b…
Define commensalism. Give an example.
Partnership between two different species. Only the commensal…
Halotolerant... Halophile... Extreme haloph…
Strange non-green photosynthetic pigmen…
Sodium builds up externally, water tend…
Require sodium attached to external cel…
What are the classes of halophiles?
Halophilic archaea
Offsetting increases in osmolarity
Obligate halophiles
Halotolerant... Halophile... Extreme haloph…
What are the classes of halophiles?
Strange non-green photosynthetic pigmen…
Halophilic archaea
Stye... Faruncle... Carbuncle... Boils... Pimples... I…
Pneumonia... Carditis... Meningitis... TSS... Scald…
Coagulase
TSS toxin... Exfoliating toxin A and B... Ent…
Staphylococcus skin diseases... S aureus... S pyogenes
Staph aureus diseases
Enzyme that Staph aureus secretes... Makes fibrin clots and secre…
Superantigens from staph aureus... Enterotoxins cause food poison…
Stye... Faruncle... Carbuncle... Boils... Pimples... I…
Staphylococcus skin diseases... S aureus... S pyogenes
Pneumonia... Carditis... Meningitis... TSS... Scald…
Staph aureus diseases
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Actinomyces (actinomycosis)
streptomyces
Nocardia (Nocardiosis)
direct contact or droplets... waxy cell wall... potent exotoxin
normal flora of human mouth... prokaryotic
source of many antibiotics and chemistry
cause disease of lungs similar to TB... spread via blood througho…
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
direct contact or droplets... waxy cell wall... potent exotoxin
Actinomyces (actinomycosis)
normal flora of human mouth... prokaryotic
What are the Intestinal Protozoa
What is the Urogenital Protozoa
What are the Blood/Tissue Protozoa
Entamoeba Histolytica... -development... -hos…
Entamoeba Histolytica... Giardia lamblia... Cryptosporidium parvum
Trichomonas Vaginalis
Plasmodium... Toxoplasma gondii... Trypanosoma Cruzi... T. gambiense,…
Ameba (trophozoite) + Cyst stage... Human... Fecal-oral (via cyst)
What are the Intestinal Protozoa
Entamoeba Histolytica... Giardia lamblia... Cryptosporidium parvum
What is the Urogenital Protozoa
Trichomonas Vaginalis
First Line of Defense
Second Line of Defense
Third Line of Defense
Functions of Inflamation
Intact skin & Tears ... Mucous Membranes & their Secretions... Norma…
Phagocytes... Neutrophils... Eosinophils... Dendric cells... Macrophages... I…
Specialized Lymphocytes: T&B cells ... Antibodies
Destroy and Remove & Wall Off an Injurious Agent ... Repair Tissu…
First Line of Defense
Intact skin & Tears ... Mucous Membranes & their Secretions... Norma…
Second Line of Defense
Phagocytes... Neutrophils... Eosinophils... Dendric cells... Macrophages... I…