pharmacology Flashcards
Browse 500 sets of pharmacology flashcards
What are the major functions of the α1…
What are the major functions of the α2…
What are the major functions of the β1…
What are the major functions of the β2…
Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillar…
Decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release, decrea…
Increase heart rate, increase contractility, increase renin re…
Vasodilation, bronchodilation, increase lipolysis, increase in…
What are the major functions of the α1…
Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillar…
What are the major functions of the α2…
Decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release, decrea…
STUDY CONSIDERATIONS
Pharmacokinetics
4 Characteristics of Pharmacokinetics
1. Absorption
INDICATIONS - why giving certain products?... NURSING ACTIONS... PAT…
movement of drugs within the body
1. Absorption... 2. Distribution... 3. Metabolism (AKA biotransforma…
Movement of drugs from their site of administration into the v…
STUDY CONSIDERATIONS
INDICATIONS - why giving certain products?... NURSING ACTIONS... PAT…
Pharmacokinetics
movement of drugs within the body
An experienced nurse has completed a ph…
Any pill with _____ in its name is a…
The nurse is caring for a client with p…
Before prescribing, the health care pr…
"Liquid medications have a slower onset than capsules."
SR, LA, XL, or XR
Gender
- How the drug is given; the health care provider must determ…
An experienced nurse has completed a ph…
"Liquid medications have a slower onset than capsules."
Any pill with _____ in its name is a…
SR, LA, XL, or XR
Absoprtion
Adverse Effect
Active Transport
ADME
The movement of a drug from its site of administration into th…
General term for an undesirable and potentially harmful drug e…
The movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region…
Absorption, distribution, metabolism and elimination (the key…
Absoprtion
The movement of a drug from its site of administration into th…
Adverse Effect
General term for an undesirable and potentially harmful drug e…
Pharmacology
what is a drug
Drug Nomenclature
Drug Resources
the study of drugs... -Toxicology (study of environmental toxins)…
any chemical that changes the processes of living
Chemical name: N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol (development stage) ... Ge…
1. physicians desk reference (PDR)... 2. Nursing drug guides (mos…
Pharmacology
the study of drugs... -Toxicology (study of environmental toxins)…
what is a drug
any chemical that changes the processes of living
What is the most important variable to…
Pharmokinetics
Pharmacodynamics
Oral Consumption of a Drug
Efficacy!
"what the body does to the drug"... relationship between dosage…
"what the drug does to the body"... -relationship between the dr…
Drug is absorbed through the blood stream ... -Brought to the liv…
What is the most important variable to…
Efficacy!
Pharmokinetics
"what the body does to the drug"... relationship between dosage…
What are the major functions of the α1…
What are the major functions of the α2…
What are the major functions of the β1…
What are the major functions of the β2…
Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillar…
Decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release, decrea…
Increase heart rate, increase contractility, increase renin re…
Vasodilation, bronchodilation, increase lipolysis, increase in…
What are the major functions of the α1…
Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillar…
What are the major functions of the α2…
Decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release, decrea…
What are the major functions of the α1…
What are the major functions of the α2…
What are the major functions of the β1…
What are the major functions of the β2…
Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillar…
Decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release, decrea…
Increase heart rate, increase contractility, increase renin re…
Vasodilation, bronchodilation, increase lipolysis, increase in…
What are the major functions of the α1…
Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillar…
What are the major functions of the α2…
Decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release, decrea…
Amantadine
Ribavirin
Oseltamivir
Pralidoxime
Prevents viral assembly, inhibits viral release with interacti…
Inhibits viral RNA polymerase activity and RNA fragment initia…
Inhibitor of neuraminidases of influenza A and B viruses; prev…
Antidote to organophosphorus anticholinergics; it reactivates…
Amantadine
Prevents viral assembly, inhibits viral release with interacti…
Ribavirin
Inhibits viral RNA polymerase activity and RNA fragment initia…
What are the major functions of the α1…
What are the major functions of the α2…
What are the major functions of the β1…
What are the major functions of the β2…
Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillar…
Decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release, decrea…
Increase heart rate, increase contractility, increase renin re…
Vasodilation, bronchodilation, increase lipolysis, increase in…
What are the major functions of the α1…
Increase vascular smooth muscle contraction, increase pupillar…
What are the major functions of the α2…
Decrease sympathetic outflow, decrease insulin release, decrea…
Drug metabolism
Pharmacokinetics
4 main processes to Pharmacokinetics
Drug absorption
liver
What the body does to drugs
-absorption... -metabolism... -distribution... -excertion
when a drug enters the blood stream from the site of administr…
Drug metabolism
liver
Pharmacokinetics
What the body does to drugs
Agonist
Antagonist
Chemical name
Summation
the drug interaction with a desired receptor cell
a counteraction or opposition of drugs on a receptor cell, as…
the name that is determined by the chemical structure.
the exact desired effects of taking two drugs together 1+1=2
Agonist
the drug interaction with a desired receptor cell
Antagonist
a counteraction or opposition of drugs on a receptor cell, as…
What the body does to the drug ... Absorpt…
Solubility : lipid soluble drugs ... Conc…
Drugs that donates protons (HA) they ar…
Drugs that accept protons they are perm…
Pharmacokinetics deals with
Drug permeation depends on
Weak acid drugs are
Weak base drugs are
What the body does to the drug ... Absorpt…
Pharmacokinetics deals with
Solubility : lipid soluble drugs ... Conc…
Drug permeation depends on
Aspirin: Usual Indications
Aspirin: Usual Dosage
Heparin: Usual Dosage
Heparin: Usual Indications
Reduction of the incidence of TIAs and strokes in men; reducti…
1,300 mg/d PO to decrease TIAs; 300-325 mg/d PO to reduce MI r…
10,000-20,000 units subcutaneous, then 8,000-10,000 units q8 h…
Prevention and treatment of venous thrombosis, PE, AF with emb…
Aspirin: Usual Indications
Reduction of the incidence of TIAs and strokes in men; reducti…
Aspirin: Usual Dosage
1,300 mg/d PO to decrease TIAs; 300-325 mg/d PO to reduce MI r…
Side effects of anti-cholinergic drugs…
Side effects of cholinergic drugs
Side effects of benzodiazepines (for sl…
Nursing education needed when switching…
Supresses the rest and digest response; dry mouth and eyes, bl…
Enhances rest and digest response (give with Dr. present); sti…
Dizziness, drowsiness, mental depression, blurred vision, cons…
Abrupt discontinuation may cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, h…
Side effects of anti-cholinergic drugs…
Supresses the rest and digest response; dry mouth and eyes, bl…
Side effects of cholinergic drugs
Enhances rest and digest response (give with Dr. present); sti…
Km
Vmax
- 1/Km
1/Vmax
[Pharmacokinetics]... Substrate Concentration... - Inversely Related…
[Pharmacokinetics]... - How Fast to Achieve Maximum Effect (Satur…
[Pharmacokinetics]... - x-intercept
[Pharmacokinetics]... - y-intercept
Km
[Pharmacokinetics]... Substrate Concentration... - Inversely Related…
Vmax
[Pharmacokinetics]... - How Fast to Achieve Maximum Effect (Satur…
Summary chart
CCS drugs (cell-cycle specific)
CCNS drugs (cell-cycle non-specific)
_____ drugs are used for recruitment an…
Anticancer drugs that are:... --> Phase-specific ... --> Higher sele…
--> Anticancer drugs that can sterilize tumor cells regardless…
CCNS --> Causes increased vulnerability to CCS agents afterwar…
Summary chart
CCS drugs (cell-cycle specific)
Anticancer drugs that are:... --> Phase-specific ... --> Higher sele…
Pharmacology
what is a drug
Drug Nomenclature
Drug Resources
the study of drugs... -Toxicology (study of environmental toxins)…
any chemical that changes the processes of living
Chemical name: N-Acetyl-p-aminophenol (development stage) ... Ge…
1. physicians desk reference (PDR)... 2. Nursing drug guides (mos…
Pharmacology
the study of drugs... -Toxicology (study of environmental toxins)…
what is a drug
any chemical that changes the processes of living
Renin Inhbitors
ACE Inhibitors
ARBS- AT1Rs
Naturetic recomb
Aliskerin
PRILS... - Captopril enalapril ramipril lisinopril = bradykinin a…
ARTANS... •Losartan, Valsartan... •Better ang 2 blockers than ACE1 f…
nestriride... oral admin... renal dysfunction
Renin Inhbitors
Aliskerin
ACE Inhibitors
PRILS... - Captopril enalapril ramipril lisinopril = bradykinin a…
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)... Classification
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)... Uses
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)... Considerations…
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)... Labs to Check
Analgesic, Antipyretic (NOT anti-inflammatory)
Fever... Mild pain... (works thru hypothalamus to reduce fever has s…
Can OD :poison control >6gm, must be treated ... Antidote: Mucomi…
Liver function
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)... Classification
Analgesic, Antipyretic (NOT anti-inflammatory)
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)... Uses
Fever... Mild pain... (works thru hypothalamus to reduce fever has s…
d. atenolol/propranolol
c. Pinobendin
d. increasing urine pH
c. Methylxanthine
Which drug is used for ventricular arrhythmias, HCM and feline…
Ionotropic drug of choice for CHF and used in DCM?... a. Diogoxi…
Potassium citrate causes the following... a. decreased lung cong…
Aminophylline and Theophylline are ______ derivatives. ... a. Ad…
d. atenolol/propranolol
Which drug is used for ventricular arrhythmias, HCM and feline…
c. Pinobendin
Ionotropic drug of choice for CHF and used in DCM?... a. Diogoxi…
Alpha adrenergic antagonist agents redu…
Besides treating hypertension what is t…
ACE inhibitors decrease blood pressure…
Angiotensin II receptor antagonist agen…
alpha-1-adrenergic receptors (this action causes dilation of a…
to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia
angiotensin I to angiotensin II
limit vasoconstriction and stimulation of vascular tissue (ind…
Alpha adrenergic antagonist agents redu…
alpha-1-adrenergic receptors (this action causes dilation of a…
Besides treating hypertension what is t…
to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia
Adrenergic Bronchodilators
Anti-cholinergics
Xanthines
Corticosteroids
Racemic Epinerpherine - Ultra short acting ... Albuterol - short…
Ipratropium bromide... Tiotropium bromide
Caffeine citrate
---Anti- inflammatory (built up over time)... Beclomethasone... Bude…
Adrenergic Bronchodilators
Racemic Epinerpherine - Ultra short acting ... Albuterol - short…
Anti-cholinergics
Ipratropium bromide... Tiotropium bromide