Study sets matching "physiology"
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Cell Theory
Plasma membrane
Functions of the plasma membrane are ac…
Phospholipid Bilayer
- All cells came from other pre-existing cells... - All living th…
- outside of cell that provides protection and regulate exchan…
- phospholipid bilayer... *proteins... *carbohydrates ... *lipids
-2 layers... -heads out (hydrophillic); tails in (hydrophobic)... -…
Cell Theory
- All cells came from other pre-existing cells... - All living th…
Plasma membrane
- outside of cell that provides protection and regulate exchan…
parallel
convergent
pennate
unipennate
fascicles run parallel to each other... normally long and cause l…
fascicles radiate from wide to narrow... usually origin is wider…
feather like, very strong
one attachment site
parallel
fascicles run parallel to each other... normally long and cause l…
convergent
fascicles radiate from wide to narrow... usually origin is wider…
4 main functions of membranes
describe the the water molecule
Surface tension
what reduces surface tension?
signaling (receptors)... solute permeation/transport... adhesion and…
dipole and forms H bonds
G=yA... water molecules at the water-air interface are unstable a…
surfactants
4 main functions of membranes
signaling (receptors)... solute permeation/transport... adhesion and…
describe the the water molecule
dipole and forms H bonds
What structures make up the Central Ner…
What is the breakdown of our Nervous sy…
Sensory nerves are responsible for what?
Sensory nerves
The Brain and Spinal Cord
Central Nervous System... Peripheral Nervous System... Sensory (Affe…
These nerves are responsible for informing the CNS about what…
What structures make up the Central Ner…
The Brain and Spinal Cord
What is the breakdown of our Nervous sy…
Central Nervous System... Peripheral Nervous System... Sensory (Affe…
Function of the Circulatory System
Circulatory Transport
Circulatory Regulation
Circulatory Protection
Transport... Regulation... Protection
Delivery of Nutrients and O2... Removal of metabolic wastes and C…
Distribution of hormones... Temperature regulation
Clotting after injury... Immune response
Function of the Circulatory System
Transport... Regulation... Protection
Circulatory Transport
Delivery of Nutrients and O2... Removal of metabolic wastes and C…
Types of Phospholipids
Types of Glycerophospholipids
Plasmalogen
Phosphatidylethanolamine
1. Glycerophospholipids... 2. Sphingolipids
-Phosphatiylehanolamine (PE)... -PhosphatidylCholine (PC)... -Phosph…
Glycerophospholipids characterized by the presence of a vinyl-…
Types of Phospholipids
1. Glycerophospholipids... 2. Sphingolipids
Types of Glycerophospholipids
-Phosphatiylehanolamine (PE)... -PhosphatidylCholine (PC)... -Phosph…
P Wave
QRS Complex
R Wave
S wave
small, atrial depolarization caused by SA node just before the…
Represents ventricular depolarization from the AV node to the…
tall upward reflection
medium downward reflection
P Wave
small, atrial depolarization caused by SA node just before the…
QRS Complex
Represents ventricular depolarization from the AV node to the…
What structures make up the Central Ner…
What is the breakdown of our Nervous sy…
Sensory nerves are responsible for what?
Sensory nerves
The Brain and Spinal Cord
Central Nervous System... Peripheral Nervous System... Sensory (Affe…
These nerves are responsible for informing the CNS about what…
What structures make up the Central Ner…
The Brain and Spinal Cord
What is the breakdown of our Nervous sy…
Central Nervous System... Peripheral Nervous System... Sensory (Affe…
Homeostasis
Osmotic equilibrium
Chemical Disequilibrium
Electrical Disequilibrium
Only reached with water
Fluid concentrations are equal on the 2 sides of the cell memb…
Some solutes are more concentrated in ECF or ICF than the other
Inside of the cells is slightly negative relative to the ECF
Homeostasis
Only reached with water
Osmotic equilibrium
Fluid concentrations are equal on the 2 sides of the cell memb…
Parts of the Respiratory Conduction Sys…
Muco‐ciliary Escalator
Effect of acetylcholine on bronchioles
Effect of noradrenaline on bronchioles
Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles
Ciliated epithelium pushes mucous layer up, mucous traps parti…
Contracts the smooth muscles layer under mucosa decreasing dia…
Decreases contraction in the smooth muscle layer under mucosa…
Parts of the Respiratory Conduction Sys…
Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles
Muco‐ciliary Escalator
Ciliated epithelium pushes mucous layer up, mucous traps parti…
loss of isotonic fluid changes...
losing salt and replacing sweat with sa…
loss of hypertonic fluid
What is Boerhaave syndrome?
only the extracellular fluid, as no osmotic draw in any direct…
= hypotonic contraction
= hypotonic retraction... - hypertonic urine loss (NaCl, sec do…
= esophageal rupture after severe retching... ... presentation... - se…
loss of isotonic fluid changes...
only the extracellular fluid, as no osmotic draw in any direct…
losing salt and replacing sweat with sa…
= hypotonic contraction
Primary Active Transport... 1. What is it…
Secondary Active Transport... 1. What is…
Carrier-Mediated Transport
Ion Channel
1. What is it?... occurs again electrochemical gradient... require…
1. the transported shit is coupled.... downhill one powers the up…
includes facilitated diffusion... primary active transport... second…
ion channel- are integral proteins that span the membrane, per…
Primary Active Transport... 1. What is it…
1. What is it?... occurs again electrochemical gradient... require…
Secondary Active Transport... 1. What is…
1. the transported shit is coupled.... downhill one powers the up…
Integration
Pathophysiology
Physiology
Plasma: Interstitial Fluid: Intracellul…
how parts of the body work together at various levels of integ…
diseased state of functioning in the body
the study of how living organisms function
7 % total body water: 26 %: 67%
Integration
how parts of the body work together at various levels of integ…
Pathophysiology
diseased state of functioning in the body
Products of glycolosis
Catabolic
Products of citric acid cycle
Anabolic
2 atp 2 Nadh
Reactions that release energy thru breakdown of larger biomole…
1 atp 3 nadh 1 fadh2
Energy-utilizing reactions that result in the synthesis of lar…
Products of glycolosis
2 atp 2 Nadh
Catabolic
Reactions that release energy thru breakdown of larger biomole…
nervous system is composed of: (2 thing…
can neurons or supporting cells undergo…
nerve butons end up in:
3 regions of a neuron
1. neurons (basic structural and functional units)... 2. supporti…
only supporting (glial) cells
1. another nerve... 2. muscle... 3. gland
1. cell body... 2. dendrites... 3. axon
nervous system is composed of: (2 thing…
1. neurons (basic structural and functional units)... 2. supporti…
can neurons or supporting cells undergo…
only supporting (glial) cells
The striated appearance of skeletal mus…
Myosin is... A. spherical... B. attached to t…
Thick filaments in skeletal muscle are…
Order the following muscle cell compone…
orderly arrangement of thick and thin filaments into A and I b…
none of these
myosin
5, 2, 3, 4, 1
The striated appearance of skeletal mus…
orderly arrangement of thick and thin filaments into A and I b…
Myosin is... A. spherical... B. attached to t…
none of these
What is the structure of a neuron?
What are the types of neurons?
Function of a Neuron
Characteristics of a Neuron
Cell body... Dendrites... Axon... Myelin Shealth
Bipolar... Multipolar... Unipolar (pseudounipolar)
Conduct
Excitable (Respond)
What is the structure of a neuron?
Cell body... Dendrites... Axon... Myelin Shealth
What are the types of neurons?
Bipolar... Multipolar... Unipolar (pseudounipolar)
What are the four objectives of a micro…
How do you calculate the magnification…
Cell (plasma) membrane
Cytoplasm
4x, 10, 40, & 100x
Total magnification power X ocular... ocular = 10x mag
Controls passage of materials in & out of cell
- Contains molecules for breaking down waste & aid metabolic a…
What are the four objectives of a micro…
4x, 10, 40, & 100x
How do you calculate the magnification…
Total magnification power X ocular... ocular = 10x mag
What affects the speed of an action pot…
What is the name of the period where a…
What three systems need to be in place…
what is the function of the nernst equa…
Axon diameter & myelination
Absolute refractory period due to sodium channel deactivation…
Detector (affector neurons) Comparitor and an effector.
calculating the electrical force required to balance the diffu…
What affects the speed of an action pot…
Axon diameter & myelination
What is the name of the period where a…
Absolute refractory period due to sodium channel deactivation…
Erythropoiesis
Hemostasis
Platelets
Capillary diffusion
The process which produces red blood cells. It is stimulated b…
Physiological mechanism that stops bleeding. 3-step process: V…
Cell fragments. Have granules (rough edges) and are important…
Exchange of nutrients and metabolic end products.
Erythropoiesis
The process which produces red blood cells. It is stimulated b…
Hemostasis
Physiological mechanism that stops bleeding. 3-step process: V…
what are the 3 ways that the skin contr…
disruption of the skin barrier leads to:
what type of challenges is skin a barri…
what are the 4 main functions of the sk…
1) insulation... 2) heat exchange via blood flow... 3) latent heat l…
increased transepidermal water loss
1) water... 2) mechanical... 3) chemical... 4) microbial
1) barrier... 2) maintain body temp... 3) produce vitamin D... 4) senses
what are the 3 ways that the skin contr…
1) insulation... 2) heat exchange via blood flow... 3) latent heat l…
disruption of the skin barrier leads to:
increased transepidermal water loss