research integrity
SETS
P-Hacking
Null Hacking
Significance
Pre-registeration
Manipulating data to achieve significant results... Collecting mo…
Use of questionnaire research practices to produce null results
P<.005 proposed as corresponds to Bayes factor of 14-26 - stro…
Most effective way of reducing p-hacking
P-Hacking
Manipulating data to achieve significant results... Collecting mo…
Null Hacking
Use of questionnaire research practices to produce null results
fraud
fabrication
faulsification
Plagiarism
when data is fabricated or faulsified to pride faulse support…
data were never collected only made up
existing data were altered
using someone else's information without giving the credits
fraud
when data is fabricated or faulsified to pride faulse support…
fabrication
data were never collected only made up
Low Power
P-hacking
Harking
Common methodological issues
Not having enough participants.
A way of making p-values significant when they're not.
Hypothesising results after data has been collected.
Small samples... Age ranges... Gender bias
Low Power
Not having enough participants.
P-hacking
A way of making p-values significant when they're not.
fraude
comportement
Insitations
Augmenter les standards
fraud
conduct, behavior
Incentives
To update standards
fraude
fraud
comportement
conduct, behavior
what is research integrity
what is academic integrity
what are the core principles of research
what are some examples of honesty in re…
- conducting research in a way which allows others to have tru…
- commitment to behave in accordance with the fundamental valu…
- honesty in research... - scrupulous care, thoroughness and exce…
- presentation of research goals, intentions and findings... - re…
what is research integrity
- conducting research in a way which allows others to have tru…
what is academic integrity
- commitment to behave in accordance with the fundamental valu…
what you need to ask about research
research integrity
critical assessment of research info
research ethics
-who were recipients... -how was research conducted... -where did re…
-follow best research practices honestly... -accountability... -use…
-who were participants... -how was it conducted... -where did it tak…
-free and informed consent... -voluntary participation... -risks/ben…
what you need to ask about research
-who were recipients... -how was research conducted... -where did re…
research integrity
-follow best research practices honestly... -accountability... -use…
What are 4 main areas of ethical consid…
What led to the Nuremberg trial?
What was established following the Nure…
10 areas of ethical consideration inclu…
-Consent... -Debriefing... -Confidentiality... -Scientific fraud
Nazi doctor experimentation.
Nuremburg code 1947
-Informed consent... -Withdrawal... -Scientific validity (of experim…
What are 4 main areas of ethical consid…
-Consent... -Debriefing... -Confidentiality... -Scientific fraud
What led to the Nuremberg trial?
Nazi doctor experimentation.
What are the 5 point of MQ statement on…
What are the 10 guides of the nuremberg…
What are the issues with the Nuremberg…
What part of the code did Milgram's exp…
1. Honesty and integrity... 2. Respect for participants (human an…
1. Informed consent... 2. Research must be fruitful... 3. Should hav…
Not legally binding - discresion left to the researcher.... Many…
Freedom to withdraw
What are the 5 point of MQ statement on…
1. Honesty and integrity... 2. Respect for participants (human an…
What are the 10 guides of the nuremberg…
1. Informed consent... 2. Research must be fruitful... 3. Should hav…
What are the four hoursemen of the asta…
What is p-hacking
Harking
Publication bias
Low power, p-hacking, harking, and publication bias
Messing with data to improve p-value
Hypothesising after results are known
Not publishing null results
What are the four hoursemen of the asta…
Low power, p-hacking, harking, and publication bias
What is p-hacking
Messing with data to improve p-value
research Integrity
knowledge producers
knowledge users
individual character
knowledge producers ... knowledge users ... individual character
researchers shall strive to follow the best research practices…
the use of honest and verifiable methods in proposing, perform…
for individuals research integrity is an aspect of moral chara…
research Integrity
knowledge producers ... knowledge users ... individual character
knowledge producers
researchers shall strive to follow the best research practices…
Trustworthiness
Credibility
Dependability
Confirmability
Concerns the "truth value" of qualitative data, analysis, inte…
*Refers to confidence in the truth of the data and interpretat…
Refers to stability of data over time and over conditions... Anal…
Refers to neutrality - the potential for congruence between tw…
Trustworthiness
Concerns the "truth value" of qualitative data, analysis, inte…
Credibility
*Refers to confidence in the truth of the data and interpretat…
· Tuskegee Syphilis Study - 1930-1972
· Nuremberg Trials
· Mistreatment of participants continued
Early recognition of ethics in science
o US Public Health Service... o Wanted to find out causes/symptom…
o Nazi war criminals after WW2... o German doctors tried for cond…
o 1963 Brooklyn study where 22 geriatric hospital patients wer…
· Claude Bernard (1813-1878; physiologist, scientist) never p…
· Tuskegee Syphilis Study - 1930-1972
o US Public Health Service... o Wanted to find out causes/symptom…
· Nuremberg Trials
o Nazi war criminals after WW2... o German doctors tried for cond…
RCR
The practice of scientific investigatio…
IRB (Institutional Review Board)
IACUC
Responsible Conduct of Research
RCR
Board that reviews research proposals for ethical violations/p…
animal ethics in research
RCR
Responsible Conduct of Research
The practice of scientific investigatio…
RCR
Audit trail
Authenticity
Confirmability
Credibility
...
The extent to which the researchers fairly and faithfully show…
objectivity or neutrality of the data
the confidence in the truth value of the findings... -qualitativ…
Audit trail
...
Authenticity
The extent to which the researchers fairly and faithfully show…
controversises in qualitative research
Lincoln & Guba's Framework for Quality
trustworthiness (Lincoln & Guba)
Lincoln & Guba's 5 criteria
some strive the be generic... others are specific to a tradition…
key goal is trustworthiness... considered the gold standard
concerns the "truth value" of qualitative data, analysis and i…
Credibility... Dependability... Confimability ... Transferability... Authe…
controversises in qualitative research
some strive the be generic... others are specific to a tradition…
Lincoln & Guba's Framework for Quality
key goal is trustworthiness... considered the gold standard
What is Lincoln and Guba's framework?
What is four criteria that Lincoln and…
What is credibility?
What is dependability?
Key goal: trustworthiness... -Concerns the "truth value" of quali…
Credibility... Dependability... Confirmability ... Transferability
Refers to confidence in the truth of the data and interpretati…
Refers to stability of data over time and over conditions... -the…
What is Lincoln and Guba's framework?
Key goal: trustworthiness... -Concerns the "truth value" of quali…
What is four criteria that Lincoln and…
Credibility... Dependability... Confirmability ... Transferability
causal inference
Correlation
Internal Validity
External Validity
Research design and findings logically imply that the independ…
An Association between two variables.... Example: There is a cor…
The confidence we have that the results of a study accurately…
The extent to which we can generalize the findings of the stud…
causal inference
Research design and findings logically imply that the independ…
Correlation
An Association between two variables.... Example: There is a cor…
Case-control study
case study
clinical practice guidelines
cochrane collaboration
A type of epidemiologic study where a group of individuals wit…
an observation technique in which one person is studied in dep…
give specific recommendations for evidence-based decision maki…
an international organization that aims to facilitate well-inf…
Case-control study
A type of epidemiologic study where a group of individuals wit…
case study
an observation technique in which one person is studied in dep…
What does the C in CARS stand for?
What does the A in CARS stand for?
What does the R in CARS stand for?
What does the S in CARS stand for?
credibility
accuracy
reasonability
support
What does the C in CARS stand for?
credibility
What does the A in CARS stand for?
accuracy
What kind of Research Integrity is ther…
Fraud and its consequences
Plagiarism and its consequences
Conflicts of Interest
1. Fraud... 2. Plagiarism... 3. Conflicts of Interest... 4. Personal Va…
Data gets fabricated or falsified, made up and altered ... Proble…
Something is claimed its own while its just a copy, self-plagi…
A conflict between self-interest and professional obligation... U…
What kind of Research Integrity is ther…
1. Fraud... 2. Plagiarism... 3. Conflicts of Interest... 4. Personal Va…
Fraud and its consequences
Data gets fabricated or falsified, made up and altered ... Proble…
Debates About Rigor and Validity
Terminology Proliferation and Confusion
Controversies in Qualitative Research
A major controversy involving qualitati…
A major dispute has involved whether "validity" and "rigor" ar…
No common vocabulary exists.... Goodness... Truth value... Integrity... T…
Some frameworks and criteria aspire to being generic—to be app…
False... Rationale: A major dispute involving qualitative resear…
Debates About Rigor and Validity
A major dispute has involved whether "validity" and "rigor" ar…
Terminology Proliferation and Confusion
No common vocabulary exists.... Goodness... Truth value... Integrity... T…
research gets integrated on two levels
personal practice is the four buckets:
aesthetic knowing
empiric
personal practice level and organizational level
aesthetic knowing, empiric, ethical knowing, and personal know…
art of nursing, comes from experience with clinical practice a…
all the research, qualitative, quantitative, systematic review…
research gets integrated on two levels
personal practice level and organizational level
personal practice is the four buckets:
aesthetic knowing, empiric, ethical knowing, and personal know…
debates about rigor and validity
terminology proliferation and confusion
controversies in qualitative research
Lincoln and Guba's framework
-controversies about quality (what should the key quality-rela…
-no common vocabulary exists ... -trustworthiness most important…
-some frameworks and criteria aspire to being generic (applica…
-often considered the gold standard ... -not universal but widely…
debates about rigor and validity
-controversies about quality (what should the key quality-rela…
terminology proliferation and confusion
-no common vocabulary exists ... -trustworthiness most important…
Digital Acces
Digital commerce
Digital communication
Digital Literacy
Sharing technology and resources
It's where you can exchange information with other people
Online, social media
Is the ability to use information and communication
Digital Acces
Sharing technology and resources
Digital commerce
It's where you can exchange information with other people
creative work
Copyright
Creative Commons
license
work any idea or artistic creation that is recoreded in some f…
a law that protects your control over the creative work you ma…
A kind of copyright that makes it easier for people to copy, s…
A clear way to define the copyright of your creative work so p…
creative work
work any idea or artistic creation that is recoreded in some f…
Copyright
a law that protects your control over the creative work you ma…